Adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity in Middle income

Middle income: Adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity was 0.9173 GPIA in 2019. ▲ Rising

Latest (2019)
0.9173 GPIA
Change on year
up 0.2%
Rank
18th
of 36 groups
All-time high
0.9173 GPIA
in 2019
All-time low
0.6979 GPIA
in 1975
Years of data
45
1975–2019

Adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity in Middle income, 1975–2019

00.20.40.60.811975199720191975: 0.698 GPIA1976: 0.699 GPIA1977: 0.701 GPIA1978: 0.707 GPIA1979: 0.713 GPIA1980: 0.718 GPIA1981: 0.726 GPIA1982: 0.732 GPIA1983: 0.74 GPIA1984: 0.747 GPIA1985: 0.754 GPIA1986: 0.76 GPIA1987: 0.766 GPIA1988: 0.783 GPIA1989: 0.788 GPIA1990: 0.793 GPIA1991: 0.799 GPIA1992: 0.802 GPIA1993: 0.805 GPIA1994: 0.809 GPIA1995: 0.814 GPIA1996: 0.819 GPIA1997: 0.849 GPIA1998: 0.851 GPIA1999: 0.854 GPIA2000: 0.856 GPIA2001: 0.86 GPIA2002: 0.863 GPIA2003: 0.866 GPIA2004: 0.869 GPIA2005: 0.867 GPIA2006: 0.877 GPIA2007: 0.88 GPIA2008: 0.881 GPIA2009: 0.885 GPIA2010: 0.895 GPIA2011: 0.899 GPIA2012: 0.9 GPIA2013: 0.902 GPIA2014: 0.907 GPIA2015: 0.908 GPIA2016: 0.911 GPIA2017: 0.914 GPIA2018: 0.915 GPIA2019: 0.917 GPIA

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in GPIA.

Analysis

Middle income recorded 0.9173 GPIA for adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity in 2019. That is the highest value across all 45 years on record.

The figure is up 0.2% on the previous year and up 3.6% over ten years.

Over the whole period, adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity in Middle income peaked at 0.9173 GPIA in 2019 and was at its lowest, 0.6979 GPIA, in 1975.

That places Middle income 18th out of 36 groups with data for 2019, putting it in the middle of the range.

The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 45 years of available data.

Adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity in Middle income, year by year

Annual values for Adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA) in Middle income, 1975 to 2019.
Year GPIA Change
1975 0.6979 GPIA
1976 0.6992 GPIA +0.2%
1977 0.7009 GPIA +0.2%
1978 0.7072 GPIA +0.9%
1979 0.7133 GPIA +0.9%
1980 0.718 GPIA +0.7%
1981 0.7265 GPIA +1.2%
1982 0.7319 GPIA +0.8%
1983 0.7398 GPIA +1.1%
1984 0.7474 GPIA +1.0%
1985 0.7538 GPIA +0.9%
1986 0.7596 GPIA +0.8%
1987 0.7655 GPIA +0.8%
1988 0.7825 GPIA +2.2%
1989 0.7878 GPIA +0.7%
1990 0.7925 GPIA +0.6%
1991 0.7994 GPIA +0.9%
1992 0.8015 GPIA +0.3%
1993 0.8046 GPIA +0.4%
1994 0.8092 GPIA +0.6%
1995 0.8142 GPIA +0.6%
1996 0.819 GPIA +0.6%
1997 0.8486 GPIA +3.6%
1998 0.8508 GPIA +0.3%
1999 0.8544 GPIA +0.4%
2000 0.8555 GPIA +0.1%
2001 0.8597 GPIA +0.5%
2002 0.8633 GPIA +0.4%
2003 0.8658 GPIA +0.3%
2004 0.869 GPIA +0.4%
2005 0.8671 GPIA -0.2%
2006 0.8768 GPIA +1.1%
2007 0.8796 GPIA +0.3%
2008 0.8814 GPIA +0.2%
2009 0.8854 GPIA +0.5%
2010 0.8954 GPIA +1.1%
2011 0.8991 GPIA +0.4%
2012 0.9003 GPIA +0.1%
2013 0.9018 GPIA +0.2%
2014 0.9065 GPIA +0.5%
2015 0.9083 GPIA +0.2%
2016 0.911 GPIA +0.3%
2017 0.9139 GPIA +0.3%
2018 0.9151 GPIA +0.1%
2019 0.9173 GPIA +0.2%

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1970s 0.7037 GPIA 0.6979 GPIA 0.7133 GPIA 5
1980s 0.7513 GPIA 0.718 GPIA 0.7878 GPIA 10
1990s 0.8194 GPIA 0.7925 GPIA 0.8544 GPIA 10
2000s 0.8703 GPIA 0.8555 GPIA 0.8854 GPIA 10
2010s 0.9069 GPIA 0.8954 GPIA 0.9173 GPIA 10

Countries ranked near Middle income

  1. 15 Barbados 1 GPIA compare
  2. 16 Uzbekistan 0.9999 GPIA compare
  3. 17 Dominican Republic 0.9997 GPIA compare
  4. 18 Kazakhstan 0.9991 GPIA compare
  5. 19 Azerbaijan 0.9986 GPIA compare
  6. 20 Chile 0.9985 GPIA compare
  7. 21 Namibia 0.9979 GPIA compare

See the full ranking of 124 places →

More reference data data for Middle income

All data for Middle income →

Frequently asked questions

What is adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity in Middle income?
Adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity in Middle income was 0.9173 GPIA in 2019, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
What is the highest adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity recorded in Middle income?
The highest recorded value was 0.9173 GPIA in 2019.
What is the lowest adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity recorded in Middle income?
The lowest recorded value was 0.6979 GPIA in 1975.
How does Middle income rank for adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity?
Middle income ranks 18th out of 36 groups with data for 2019.
Is adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity rising or falling in Middle income?
Over the last ten years it is up 3.6%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
Where does this Middle income data come from?
The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity in Middle income. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 03 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/adult-literacy-rate-population-15-years-adjusted-gender-parity-index-gpia/middle-income/

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About this data

Indicator
Adult literacy rate, population 15+ years, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA)
Unit
GPIA
Source
UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage
124 places, 2,183 data points, 1970–2019
Last refreshed

The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/