China vs United States: Military personnel

China
2.04 million people
in 2022
United States
1.36 million people
in 2022
China rank
1st
United States rank
3rd

Military personnel over time

  • China
  • United States
02.5M5.0M7.5M10.0M12.5M181619192022

How they compare

China currently reports 2.04 million people against 1.36 million people in United States, a difference of 675,000 people.

That makes China's figure about 1.5 times United States's.

The two have swapped places 12 times across 163 shared years of data; in 1860 it was China ahead.

China ranks 1st and United States ranks 3rd of 194 countries.

Across the 17 decades both report, China averaged higher in 15 and United States in 2.

Head to head by decade

Decade China United States Difference Ahead
1860s 1.00 million people 424,300 people 575,700 people China
1870s 1.00 million people 40,800 people 959,200 people China
1880s 1.00 million people 38,500 people 961,500 people China
1890s 1.00 million people 66,100 people 933,900 people China
1900s 1.00 million people 116,400 people 883,600 people China
1910s 829,300 people 582,500 people 246,800 people China
1920s 1.63 million people 276,200 people 1.36 million people China
1930s 1.63 million people 275,700 people 1.35 million people China
1940s 3.49 million people 4.64 million people 1.15 million people United States
1950s 3.18 million people 2.85 million people 335,400 people China
1960s 2.63 million people 2.89 million people 262,300 people United States
1970s 3.84 million people 2.28 million people 1.56 million people China
1980s 4.13 million people 2.20 million people 1.93 million people China
1990s 2.90 million people 1.75 million people 1.16 million people China
2000s 2.29 million people 1.46 million people 835,900 people China
2010s 2.24 million people 1.46 million people 779,900 people China
2020s 2.04 million people 1.37 million people 663,333 people China

Averages of every year both report within each decade.

Frequently asked questions

Which has higher military personnel, China or United States?
China, at 2.04 million people against 1.36 million people in United States as of 2022.
What is the difference in military personnel between China and United States?
675,000 people, with China ahead.
How many years of comparable data are there for China and United States?
163 years are reported by both, from 1860 to 2022.
How do China and United States rank globally for military personnel?
China ranks 1st and United States ranks 3rd of 194 countries.
Where does this data come from?
Correlates of War - National Material Capabilities Version 7.0 (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data, published as Military personnel. Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

Individual pages

About this data

Indicator
Military personnel
Unit
people
Source
Correlates of War - National Material Capabilities Version 7.0 (2026) – with minor processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
194 places, 15,765 data points, 1816–2022
Last refreshed

Troops under the command of the national government, intended for use against foreign adversaries, and held ready for combat as of January 1 of the given year.