Wittgenstein Projection: Mean years of schooling. Age 40-64. Female by country
Mean number of years spent in school by age group and gender. Projections are based on collected census and survey data for the base year (around 2010) and the Medium Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2) projection model. The SSP2 is a middle-of-the-road scenario that combines medium fertility with medium...
What the numbers show
Wittgenstein Projection: Mean years of schooling. Age 40-64. Female is currently reported for 166 countries. The highest value is 16.7 in Iceland; the lowest is 8.6 in Madagascar.
The median across all reporting countries is 13.4, and the mean is 13.34.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Wittgenstein Projection: Mean years of schooling. Age 40-64. Female: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iceland | 16.7 | 2100 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 2 | Ireland | 16.4 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 3 | Hong Kong, China | 16.3 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 4 | Australia | 15.9 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 4 | Malta | 15.9 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 4 | Norway | 15.9 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 7 | Germany | 15.8 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 7 | Malaysia | 15.8 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 7 | New Zealand | 15.8 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 10 | Tunisia | 15.7 | 2100 | up 1.9% | rising |
| 11 | Switzerland | 15.5 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 11 | Japan | 15.5 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 11 | Republic of Korea | 15.5 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 11 | Luxembourg | 15.5 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 15 | Canada | 15.4 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 15 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 15.4 | 2100 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 17 | Saudi Arabia | 15.3 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 18 | Belgium | 15.2 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 18 | Cyprus | 15.2 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 18 | Georgia | 15.2 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 18 | Lithuania | 15.2 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 22 | France | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 22 | Macau, China | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 22 | Puerto Rico | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 22 | Sweden | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 26 | Slovenia | 15 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 27 | Austria | 14.9 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 27 | Italy | 14.9 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 27 | Palestine, State of | 14.9 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 30 | Greece | 14.8 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 30 | Jordan | 14.8 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 30 | Lebanon | 14.8 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 30 | New Caledonia | 14.8 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 34 | Czechia | 14.7 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 34 | Ecuador | 14.7 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 34 | Spain | 14.7 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 34 | Latvia | 14.7 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 38 | Estonia | 14.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 38 | Finland | 14.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | flat |
| 38 | Iraq | 14.6 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 38 | Netherlands | 14.6 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 38 | Slovakia | 14.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 38 | United States of America | 14.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 44 | Denmark | 14.5 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 45 | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 14.4 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 45 | Nigeria | 14.4 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 45 | Panama | 14.4 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 45 | Thailand | 14.4 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 49 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 14.3 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 49 | Chile | 14.3 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 49 | North Macedonia | 14.3 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 49 | Zimbabwe | 14.3 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 53 | Bulgaria | 14.2 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 53 | Egypt | 14.2 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 53 | Poland | 14.2 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 53 | French Polynesia | 14.2 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 57 | Dominican Republic | 14.1 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 57 | Algeria | 14.1 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 59 | Bahrain | 14 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 59 | Haiti | 14 | 2100 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 59 | Mexico | 14 | 2100 | up 2.9% | rising |
| 59 | Eswatini | 14 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 63 | Argentina | 13.9 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 63 | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 13.9 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 63 | Portugal | 13.9 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 66 | Saint Lucia | 13.8 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 66 | El Salvador | 13.8 | 2100 | up 3.0% | rising |
| 66 | Samoa | 13.8 | 2100 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 69 | Bhutan | 13.7 | 2100 | up 3.8% | volatile |
| 69 | Cuba | 13.7 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 69 | Croatia | 13.7 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 69 | Hungary | 13.7 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 69 | Indonesia | 13.7 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 74 | Aruba | 13.6 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 74 | Israel | 13.6 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 74 | Montenegro | 13.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 74 | Peru | 13.6 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 74 | Serbia | 13.6 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 79 | Paraguay | 13.5 | 2100 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 79 | Timor-Leste | 13.5 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 79 | Tonga | 13.5 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 79 | Türkiye | 13.5 | 2100 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 83 | United Arab Emirates | 13.4 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 83 | Colombia | 13.4 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 83 | Comoros | 13.4 | 2100 | up 4.7% | rising |
| 83 | Kazakhstan | 13.4 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 83 | Kuwait | 13.4 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 83 | Morocco | 13.4 | 2100 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 89 | Romania | 13.3 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 89 | Suriname | 13.3 | 2100 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 91 | Kenya | 13.2 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 91 | Namibia | 13.2 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 91 | Qatar | 13.2 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 91 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 13.2 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 91 | Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of | 13.2 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 96 | Equatorial Guinea | 13.1 | 2100 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 97 | Albania | 13 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 97 | Belarus | 13 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 97 | Côte d'Ivoire | 13 | 2100 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 97 | Cameroon | 13 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 97 | India | 13 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 97 | Nepal | 13 | 2100 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 97 | Syrian Arab Republic | 13 | 2100 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 104 | Congo | 12.9 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 104 | Singapore | 12.9 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 104 | Uruguay | 12.9 | 2100 | up 3.2% | rising |
| 107 | Philippines | 12.8 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 107 | Russian Federation | 12.8 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 107 | Ukraine | 12.8 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 110 | China | 12.7 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 110 | Costa Rica | 12.7 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 110 | Maldives | 12.7 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 110 | Mauritius | 12.7 | 2100 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 110 | Trinidad and Tobago | 12.7 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 115 | Bahamas | 12.6 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 115 | Ghana | 12.6 | 2100 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 115 | Jamaica | 12.6 | 2100 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 115 | South Africa | 12.6 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 119 | Brazil | 12.5 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 119 | Lesotho | 12.5 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 121 | Republic of Moldova | 12.4 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 122 | Belize | 12.3 | 2100 | up 5.1% | rising |
| 122 | Kyrgyzstan | 12.3 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 122 | Nicaragua | 12.3 | 2100 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 122 | Tajikistan | 12.3 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 122 | Vanuatu | 12.3 | 2100 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 127 | Azerbaijan | 12.2 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 127 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 12.2 | 2100 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 127 | Mongolia | 12.2 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 127 | Zambia | 12.2 | 2100 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 131 | Bangladesh | 12.1 | 2100 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 131 | Gabon | 12.1 | 2100 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 131 | Gambia | 12.1 | 2100 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 131 | Guyana | 12.1 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 131 | Myanmar | 12.1 | 2100 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 131 | Pakistan | 12.1 | 2100 | up 5.2% | rising |
| 137 | Uganda | 12 | 2100 | up 6.2% | rising |
| 137 | Viet Nam | 12 | 2100 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 139 | Sudan | 11.9 | 2100 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 140 | Armenia | 11.8 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 140 | Central African Republic | 11.8 | 2100 | up 6.3% | rising |
| 142 | Guinea | 11.7 | 2100 | up 7.3% | volatile |
| 142 | Malawi | 11.7 | 2100 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 144 | Somalia | 11.6 | 2100 | up 6.4% | volatile |
| 145 | Honduras | 11.5 | 2100 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 146 | Senegal | 11.4 | 2100 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 147 | Guatemala | 11.3 | 2100 | up 4.6% | rising |
| 147 | Turkmenistan | 11.3 | 2100 | up 1.8% | flat |
| 149 | Ethiopia | 11.2 | 2100 | up 7.7% | volatile |
| 149 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 11.2 | 2100 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 151 | Cape Verde | 11 | 2100 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 151 | Cambodia | 11 | 2100 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 153 | Benin | 10.9 | 2100 | up 9.0% | volatile |
| 153 | Sierra Leone | 10.9 | 2100 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 155 | Burundi | 10.7 | 2100 | up 8.1% | rising |
| 155 | Guinea-Bissau | 10.7 | 2100 | up 5.9% | volatile |
| 155 | Rwanda | 10.7 | 2100 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 158 | Burkina Faso | 10.6 | 2100 | up 11.6% | volatile |
| 159 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 10.5 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 159 | Mozambique | 10.5 | 2100 | up 8.2% | volatile |
| 161 | Chad | 10 | 2100 | up 13.6% | volatile |
| 162 | Liberia | 9.9 | 2100 | up 11.2% | volatile |
| 163 | Mali | 9.6 | 2100 | up 11.6% | volatile |
| 163 | Sao Tome and Principe | 9.6 | 2100 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 165 | Niger | 9.5 | 2100 | up 13.1% | volatile |
| 166 | Madagascar | 8.6 | 2100 | up 8.9% | rising |
About this data
Mean number of years spent in school by age group and gender. Projections are based on collected census and survey data for the base year (around 2010) and the Medium Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2) projection model. The SSP2 is a middle-of-the-road scenario that combines medium fertility with medium mortality, medium migration, and the Global Education Trend (GET) education scenario. For more information and other projection models, consult the Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital's website: http://www.oeaw.ac.at/vid/dataexplorer/