Wittgenstein Projection: Mean years of schooling. Age 25+. Female by country
Mean number of years spent in school by age group and gender. Projections are based on collected census and survey data for the base year (around 2010) and the Medium Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2) projection model. The SSP2 is a middle-of-the-road scenario that combines medium fertility with medium...
What the numbers show
Wittgenstein Projection: Mean years of schooling. Age 25+. Female is currently reported for 166 countries. The highest value is 16.5 in Iceland; the lowest is 8.3 in Madagascar.
The median across all reporting countries is 13.1, and the mean is 13.08.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2.
Wittgenstein Projection: Mean years of schooling. Age 25+. Female: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Iceland | 16.5 | 2100 | up 1.2% | rising |
| 2 | Ireland | 16.3 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 3 | Hong Kong (China) | 16 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 4 | Norway | 15.8 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 5 | Australia | 15.7 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 6 | Germany | 15.6 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 6 | Malaysia | 15.6 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 6 | New Zealand | 15.6 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 9 | Korea | 15.5 | 2100 | up 0.6% | rising |
| 9 | Malta | 15.5 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 11 | Canada | 15.3 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 11 | Japan | 15.3 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 11 | Tunisia | 15.3 | 2100 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 14 | Switzerland | 15.2 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 14 | Luxembourg | 15.2 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 16 | Belgium | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 16 | Cyprus | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 16 | Georgia | 15.1 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 16 | Saudi Arabia | 15.1 | 2100 | up 1.3% | rising |
| 20 | United Kingdom | 15 | 2100 | up 2.0% | rising |
| 20 | Lithuania | 15 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 22 | France | 14.9 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 22 | Puerto Rico | 14.9 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 22 | Slovenia | 14.9 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 22 | Sweden | 14.9 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 26 | Macau (China) | 14.8 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 27 | Jordan | 14.7 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 28 | Austria | 14.6 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 28 | Czechia | 14.6 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 28 | Greece | 14.6 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 28 | Italy | 14.6 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 28 | Latvia | 14.6 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 28 | New Caledonia | 14.6 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 28 | Palestine, State of | 14.6 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 35 | Spain | 14.5 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 35 | Estonia | 14.5 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 35 | Lebanon | 14.5 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 35 | Slovakia | 14.5 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 35 | United States | 14.5 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 40 | Finland | 14.4 | 2100 | unchanged | flat |
| 40 | Netherlands | 14.4 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 42 | Denmark | 14.3 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 42 | Ecuador | 14.3 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 42 | Nigeria | 14.3 | 2100 | up 2.1% | rising |
| 45 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 14.2 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 45 | Iraq | 14.2 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 45 | Zimbabwe | 14.2 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 48 | North Macedonia | 14.1 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 49 | Bulgaria | 14 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 49 | Egypt | 14 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 49 | Panama | 14 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 49 | Poland | 14 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 49 | French Polynesia | 14 | 2100 | up 1.4% | rising |
| 49 | Thailand | 14 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 55 | Chile | 13.9 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 55 | Algeria | 13.9 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 55 | Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 13.9 | 2100 | up 3.0% | rising |
| 58 | Bahrain | 13.8 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 58 | Dominican Republic | 13.8 | 2100 | up 2.2% | rising |
| 58 | Eswatini | 13.8 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 61 | Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 13.7 | 2100 | up 3.0% | rising |
| 62 | Haiti | 13.6 | 2100 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 63 | Argentina | 13.5 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 63 | Croatia | 13.5 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 63 | Hungary | 13.5 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 63 | Saint Lucia | 13.5 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 63 | Mexico | 13.5 | 2100 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 63 | Montenegro | 13.5 | 2100 | up 0.7% | rising |
| 63 | Portugal | 13.5 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 70 | Cuba | 13.4 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 70 | Indonesia | 13.4 | 2100 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 70 | Israel | 13.4 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 70 | Serbia | 13.4 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 74 | United Arab Emirates | 13.3 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 74 | Kazakhstan | 13.3 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 74 | Peru | 13.3 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 74 | Timor-Leste | 13.3 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 74 | Samoa | 13.3 | 2100 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 79 | Aruba | 13.2 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 79 | Kuwait | 13.2 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 79 | Romania | 13.2 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 79 | Tonga | 13.2 | 2100 | up 1.5% | rising |
| 83 | Bhutan | 13.1 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 83 | Colombia | 13.1 | 2100 | up 2.3% | rising |
| 83 | Comoros | 13.1 | 2100 | up 4.8% | rising |
| 83 | Paraguay | 13.1 | 2100 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 83 | El Salvador | 13.1 | 2100 | up 3.1% | rising |
| 83 | Türkiye | 13.1 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 89 | Kenya | 13 | 2100 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 89 | Qatar | 13 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 89 | Suriname | 13 | 2100 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 92 | Belarus | 12.9 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 92 | Equatorial Guinea | 12.9 | 2100 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 92 | Namibia | 12.9 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 92 | Singapore | 12.9 | 2100 | unchanged | rising |
| 92 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 12.9 | 2100 | up 2.4% | rising |
| 92 | Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 12.9 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 98 | Albania | 12.8 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 98 | Cameroon | 12.8 | 2100 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 100 | Congo | 12.7 | 2100 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 100 | Morocco | 12.7 | 2100 | up 4.1% | rising |
| 100 | Philippines | 12.7 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 100 | Russian Federation | 12.7 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 104 | Côte d'Ivoire | 12.6 | 2100 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 104 | India | 12.6 | 2100 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 104 | Ukraine | 12.6 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 107 | Nepal | 12.5 | 2100 | up 4.2% | rising |
| 107 | South Africa | 12.5 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 109 | Lesotho | 12.4 | 2100 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 109 | Trinidad and Tobago | 12.4 | 2100 | up 1.6% | rising |
| 109 | Uruguay | 12.4 | 2100 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 112 | Ghana | 12.3 | 2100 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 112 | Jamaica | 12.3 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 114 | Bahamas | 12.2 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 114 | China | 12.2 | 2100 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 114 | Costa Rica | 12.2 | 2100 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 114 | Kyrgyzstan | 12.2 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 114 | Republic of Moldova | 12.2 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 114 | Syrian Arab Republic | 12.2 | 2100 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 114 | Tajikistan | 12.2 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 121 | Azerbaijan | 12.1 | 2100 | up 0.8% | rising |
| 121 | Congo, Democratic Republic of the | 12.1 | 2100 | up 3.4% | rising |
| 121 | Mongolia | 12.1 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 121 | Mauritius | 12.1 | 2100 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 121 | Zambia | 12.1 | 2100 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 126 | Brazil | 12 | 2100 | up 2.6% | rising |
| 126 | Guyana | 12 | 2100 | up 1.7% | rising |
| 126 | Maldives | 12 | 2100 | up 4.3% | rising |
| 126 | Uganda | 12 | 2100 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 130 | Gambia | 11.9 | 2100 | up 5.3% | rising |
| 130 | Myanmar | 11.9 | 2100 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 130 | Vanuatu | 11.9 | 2100 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 133 | Gabon | 11.8 | 2100 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 134 | Armenia | 11.7 | 2100 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 134 | Belize | 11.7 | 2100 | up 4.5% | rising |
| 134 | Nicaragua | 11.7 | 2100 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 134 | Pakistan | 11.7 | 2100 | up 6.4% | rising |
| 138 | Central African Republic | 11.6 | 2100 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 138 | Malawi | 11.6 | 2100 | up 3.6% | rising |
| 138 | Sudan | 11.6 | 2100 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 141 | Bangladesh | 11.5 | 2100 | up 5.5% | rising |
| 141 | Viet Nam | 11.5 | 2100 | up 2.7% | rising |
| 143 | Somalia | 11.4 | 2100 | up 5.6% | rising |
| 144 | Guinea | 11.3 | 2100 | up 7.6% | volatile |
| 145 | Turkmenistan | 11.2 | 2100 | up 0.9% | rising |
| 146 | Senegal | 11.1 | 2100 | up 6.7% | rising |
| 146 | Tanzania, United Republic of | 11.1 | 2100 | up 3.7% | rising |
| 148 | Honduras | 11 | 2100 | up 3.8% | rising |
| 149 | Ethiopia | 10.9 | 2100 | up 6.9% | rising |
| 149 | Guatemala | 10.9 | 2100 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 151 | Sierra Leone | 10.7 | 2100 | up 7.0% | rising |
| 152 | Benin | 10.6 | 2100 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 152 | Cambodia | 10.6 | 2100 | up 5.0% | rising |
| 152 | Rwanda | 10.6 | 2100 | up 6.0% | rising |
| 155 | Burundi | 10.5 | 2100 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 155 | Cabo Verde | 10.5 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 155 | Guinea-Bissau | 10.5 | 2100 | up 6.1% | rising |
| 158 | Burkina Faso | 10.3 | 2100 | up 9.6% | volatile |
| 158 | Lao People's Democratic Republic | 10.3 | 2100 | up 4.0% | rising |
| 158 | Mozambique | 10.3 | 2100 | up 8.4% | rising |
| 161 | Chad | 9.9 | 2100 | up 11.2% | volatile |
| 162 | Liberia | 9.5 | 2100 | up 9.2% | volatile |
| 162 | Niger | 9.5 | 2100 | up 10.5% | volatile |
| 162 | Sao Tome and Principe | 9.5 | 2100 | up 4.4% | rising |
| 165 | Mali | 9.4 | 2100 | up 10.6% | volatile |
| 166 | Madagascar | 8.3 | 2100 | up 7.8% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- World 12.8
About this data
Mean number of years spent in school by age group and gender. Projections are based on collected census and survey data for the base year (around 2010) and the Medium Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2) projection model. The SSP2 is a middle-of-the-road scenario that combines medium fertility with medium mortality, medium migration, and the Global Education Trend (GET) education scenario. For more information and other projection models, consult the Wittgenstein Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital's website: http://www.oeaw.ac.at/vid/dataexplorer/