{"entity":{"iso2":"ZM","iso3":"ZMB","name":"Zambia","slug":"zambia"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"scientific-publications-per-million","source":"National Science Foundation Science and Engineering Indicators, via World Bank (2026); United Nations Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/scientific-publications-per-million","title":"Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people","unit":"articles per million people"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":5.6519},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":7.31077},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":5.97528},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":6.18275},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":3.35409},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":5.12921},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":5.55694},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":4.31462},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":3.77838},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":5.20872},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":5.65726},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":5.35372},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":7.04537},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":5.65217},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":6.29404},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":6.85562},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":6.91649},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":7.71089},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":8.10302},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":9.3615},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":10.2942},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":11.6952},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":11.9681},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":11.1614},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":14.0849},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":16.6811},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":17.9741},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":17.7234}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":17.7234,"max":17.9741,"mean":8.32125,"min":3.35409,"of":196,"rank":151,"trend":"rising"}}