{"entity":{"iso2":"TR","iso3":"TUR","name":"Turkey","slug":"turkiye"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"scientific-publications-per-million","source":"National Science Foundation Science and Engineering Indicators, via World Bank (2026); United Nations Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/scientific-publications-per-million","title":"Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people","unit":"articles per million people"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":81.3657},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":85.7522},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":90.5383},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":104.383},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":104.17},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":129.699},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":160.378},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":196.496},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":230.567},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":253.397},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":274.593},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":303.753},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":303.368},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":336.444},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":348.506},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":351.783},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":360.343},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":382.486},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":383.342},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":401.672},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":425.515},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":401.709},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":396.747},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":450.533},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":488.802},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":556.685},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":586.342},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":588.103}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":588.103,"max":588.103,"mean":313.481,"min":81.3657,"of":196,"rank":53,"trend":"rising"}}