{"entity":{"iso2":"RW","iso3":"RWA","name":"Rwanda","slug":"rwanda"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"scientific-publications-per-million","source":"National Science Foundation Science and Engineering Indicators, via World Bank (2026); United Nations Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/scientific-publications-per-million","title":"Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people","unit":"articles per million people"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":1.17458},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":1.08314},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":1.1656},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":0.294554},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.388365},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.499572},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.428562},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.833831},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":1.03552},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.748797},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":2.04425},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":2.14766},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":2.94566},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":3.28415},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":4.22775},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":4.42795},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":4.96311},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":5.35997},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":7.76523},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":7.83847},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":10.0544},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":9.65903},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":12.5448},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":14.8128},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":21.2707},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":24.8823},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":26.4127},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":31.066}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":31.066,"max":31.066,"mean":7.26284,"min":0.294554,"of":196,"rank":136,"trend":"volatile"}}