{"entity":{"iso2":"PL","iso3":"POL","name":"Poland","slug":"poland"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"scientific-publications-per-million","source":"National Science Foundation Science and Engineering Indicators, via World Bank (2026); United Nations Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/scientific-publications-per-million","title":"Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people","unit":"articles per million people"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":286.491},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":286.563},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":294.056},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":308.666},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":339.384},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":375.434},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":402.786},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":430.152},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":485.399},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":524.046},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":569.061},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":567.228},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":611.713},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":606.834},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":634.929},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":656.938},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":714.419},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":761.097},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":793.586},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":832.397},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":872.289},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":861.759},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":889.959},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":899.476},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":911.749},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":937.42},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":852.724},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":850.933}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":850.933,"max":937.42,"mean":627.053,"min":286.491,"of":196,"rank":40,"trend":"rising"}}