{"entity":{"iso2":"LR","iso3":"LBR","name":"Liberia","slug":"liberia"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"scientific-publications-per-million","source":"National Science Foundation Science and Engineering Indicators, via World Bank (2026); United Nations Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/scientific-publications-per-million","title":"Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people","unit":"articles per million people"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":0.510687},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":0.0},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":0.235944},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":0.0},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.341516},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.0},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.222956},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.320561},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.449809},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.327172},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.730494},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":1.13108},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.560062},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.590916},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":1.07419},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":2.18422},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":1.63273},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.774008},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":1.85133},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":2.21057},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":3.61468},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":4.34942},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":4.62311},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":4.35591},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":2.18275},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":4.81621},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":5.07882},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":5.74182}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":5.74182,"max":5.74182,"mean":1.78253,"min":0.0,"of":196,"rank":181,"trend":"volatile"}}