{"entity":{"iso2":"IT","iso3":"ITA","name":"Italy","slug":"italy"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"scientific-publications-per-million","source":"National Science Foundation Science and Engineering Indicators, via World Bank (2026); United Nations Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/scientific-publications-per-million","title":"Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people","unit":"articles per million people"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":602.245},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":617.996},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":599.711},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":602.326},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":635.903},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":656.755},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":682.887},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":736.818},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":766.484},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":821.059},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":864.914},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":916.325},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":941.002},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":969.87},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":967.054},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":993.751},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":1048.92},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":1097.98},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":1118.09},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":1151.97},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":1152.8},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":1168.31},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":1186.39},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":1237.85},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":1348.3},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":1449.26},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":1410.47},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":1403.27}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":1403.27,"max":1449.26,"mean":969.597,"min":599.711,"of":196,"rank":21,"trend":"rising"}}