{"entity":{"iso2":"IR","iso3":"IRN","name":"Iran","slug":"iran-islamic-rep"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"scientific-publications-per-million","source":"National Science Foundation Science and Engineering Indicators, via World Bank (2026); United Nations Population Division, national statistical offices, and Eurostat, via World Bank (2026) \u2013 processed","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/scientific-publications-per-million","title":"Annual articles published in scientific and technical journals per million people","unit":"articles per million people"},"observations":[{"date":"1996-01-01","value":10.3266},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":13.529},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":15.0205},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":18.0517},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":23.4749},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":28.3231},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":40.6188},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":56.6594},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":72.8342},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":98.0884},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":133.607},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":169.823},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":218.161},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":261.342},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":313.717},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":385.844},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":381.925},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":385.811},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":414.264},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":429.103},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":477.892},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":524.28},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":540.839},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":613.016},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":645.039},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":656.256},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":650.897},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":607.947}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2023-01-01","latest_value":607.947,"max":656.256,"mean":292.382,"min":10.3266,"of":196,"rank":50,"trend":"volatile"}}