Public sector wage premium, by education level: Primary education (compared to formal wage employees) by country
Countries reporting
54
Highest
0.7886 compared to formal wage employees
Sri Lanka
Lowest
-0.8992 compared to formal wage employees
Australia
Median
-0.0104 compared to formal wage employees
Years covered
22
2000–2021
Data points
652
What the numbers show
Public sector wage premium, by education level: Primary education (compared to formal wage employees) is currently reported for 54 countries. The highest value is 0.7886 compared to formal wage employees in Sri Lanka; the lowest is -0.8992 compared to formal wage employees in Australia.
The median across all reporting countries is -0.0104 compared to formal wage employees, and the mean is 0.0457 compared to formal wage employees.
Over the past decade 29 countries rose and 25 fell. The largest increase was in Panama (up 756.1%), and the largest decrease in France (down 7,248.8%).
Public sector wage premium, by education level: Primary education: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sri Lanka | 0.7886 compared to formal wage employees | 2015 | down 9.8% | falling |
| 2 | Namibia | 0.563 compared to formal wage employees | 2015 | up 24.3% | rising |
| 3 | Zambia | 0.5548 compared to formal wage employees | 2014 | up 28.1% | volatile |
| 4 | Luxembourg | 0.4243 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 117.6% | rising |
| 5 | Costa Rica | 0.4101 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | up 83.5% | rising |
| 6 | Turkey | 0.3677 compared to formal wage employees | 2010 | down 30.2% | falling |
| 7 | Cyprus | 0.3548 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 429.5% | volatile |
| 8 | Ecuador | 0.3437 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | down 18.4% | rising |
| 9 | Honduras | 0.3155 compared to formal wage employees | 2019 | up 640.7% | volatile |
| 10 | Colombia | 0.3151 compared to formal wage employees | 2020 | up 220.5% | rising |
| 11 | Uruguay | 0.3113 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | down 5.6% | rising |
| 12 | Panama | 0.3001 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | up 756.1% | volatile |
| 13 | Pakistan | 0.2984 compared to formal wage employees | 2020 | up 6.9% | rising |
| 14 | Dominican Republic | 0.2864 compared to formal wage employees | 2019 | up 209.1% | volatile |
| 15 | El Salvador | 0.2495 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 16 | Lithuania | 0.2306 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 252.2% | volatile |
| 17 | Tanzania | 0.2008 compared to formal wage employees | 2020 | down 75.1% | falling |
| 18 | Italy | 0.1802 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 19.3% | flat |
| 19 | Malta | 0.1011 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 217.4% | volatile |
| 20 | Romania | 0.0949 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 147.1% | volatile |
| 21 | Greece | 0.0849 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 202.5% | volatile |
| 22 | Austria | 0.0836 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 72.1% | volatile |
| 23 | Spain | 0.0529 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 72.5% | falling |
| 24 | Bolivia | 0.0172 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | up 116.8% | volatile |
| 25 | Ethiopia | 0.0162 compared to formal wage employees | 2016 | down 91.5% | volatile |
| 26 | United Kingdom | 0.0063 compared to formal wage employees | 2016 | up 107.0% | volatile |
| 27 | Switzerland | -0.0047 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 89.3% | volatile |
| 28 | Czechia | -0.0161 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 90.7% | volatile |
| 29 | Slovakia | -0.0182 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | up 60.7% | volatile |
| 30 | Chile | -0.0198 compared to formal wage employees | 2015 | up 89.0% | volatile |
| 31 | Estonia | -0.0213 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 87.6% | volatile |
| 32 | Serbia | -0.0318 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 74.3% | volatile |
| 33 | Guatemala | -0.0413 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | down 220.2% | volatile |
| 34 | Portugal | -0.0452 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 131.5% | volatile |
| 35 | Belgium | -0.0462 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 45.5% | volatile |
| 36 | Brazil | -0.0519 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | up 20.7% | rising |
| 37 | Finland | -0.0521 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 1,118.8% | volatile |
| 38 | Argentina | -0.0723 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 792.7% | volatile |
| 39 | Ireland | -0.0756 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | down 435.6% | volatile |
| 40 | Iceland | -0.0975 compared to formal wage employees | 2013 | down 4,272.7% | volatile |
| 41 | Russia | -0.1 compared to formal wage employees | 2016 | up 52.1% | volatile |
| 42 | Croatia | -0.1011 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 163.9% | volatile |
| 43 | Mexico | -0.1144 compared to formal wage employees | 2019 | down 630.6% | volatile |
| 44 | Latvia | -0.1365 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 170.4% | volatile |
| 45 | Paraguay | -0.1673 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 3,424.1% | volatile |
| 46 | Peru | -0.179 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 5.8% | rising |
| 47 | Armenia | -0.1873 compared to formal wage employees | 2021 | down 2,385.7% | volatile |
| 48 | Bulgaria | -0.2313 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | up 19.4% | volatile |
| 49 | Poland | -0.2566 compared to formal wage employees | 2017 | down 678.3% | volatile |
| 50 | Moldova | -0.2776 compared to formal wage employees | 2012 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 51 | France | -0.3069 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 7,248.8% | volatile |
| 52 | Hungary | -0.3794 compared to formal wage employees | 2018 | down 694.7% | volatile |
| 53 | South Africa | -0.5522 compared to formal wage employees | 2019 | down 890.9% | volatile |
| 54 | Australia | -0.8992 compared to formal wage employees | 2015 | down 27.7% | falling |