Precipitation - Cities and FUAs — Change in extreme precipitation in Modena
Modena: Precipitation - Cities and FUAs — Change in extreme precipitation was 9.82 Days per year in 2024. ◆ Volatile
Precipitation - Cities and FUAs — Change in extreme precipitation in Modena, 1981–2024
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Days per year.
Analysis
The most recent figure for precipitation - cities and fuas — change in extreme precipitation in Modena is 9.82 Days per year, measured in 2024. That is the highest value across all 44 years on record.
That represents a change of up 438.9% on the previous year and up 269.9% over ten years.
Over the whole period, precipitation - cities and fuas — change in extreme precipitation in Modena peaked at 9.82 Days per year in 2024 and was at its lowest, -4.18 Days per year, in 2006.
That places Modena 46th out of 1314 regions with data for 2024, putting it in the top 10%.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Precipitation - Cities and FUAs — Change in extreme precipitation in Modena, year by year
| Year | Days per year | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1981 | -0.8447 Days per year | — |
| 1982 | 1.49 Days per year | -276.2% |
| 1983 | -2.34 Days per year | -257.5% |
| 1984 | 2.32 Days per year | -199.1% |
| 1985 | -2.34 Days per year | -200.9% |
| 1986 | 2.99 Days per year | -227.5% |
| 1987 | 1.32 Days per year | -55.7% |
| 1988 | -3.68 Days per year | -378.1% |
| 1989 | 1.49 Days per year | -140.5% |
| 1990 | 0.989 Days per year | -33.6% |
| 1991 | -0.5108 Days per year | -151.6% |
| 1992 | -1.18 Days per year | +130.7% |
| 1993 | 0.1547 Days per year | -113.1% |
| 1994 | 0.8222 Days per year | +431.4% |
| 1995 | -3.84 Days per year | -567.6% |
| 1996 | -0.0107 Days per year | -99.7% |
| 1997 | -2.51 Days per year | +23445.9% |
| 1998 | -3.51 Days per year | +39.8% |
| 1999 | 2.32 Days per year | -166.1% |
| 2000 | -0.3449 Days per year | -114.8% |
| 2001 | 0.6554 Days per year | -290.1% |
| 2002 | 3.99 Days per year | +508.7% |
| 2003 | -1.34 Days per year | -133.7% |
| 2004 | 3.16 Days per year | -334.8% |
| 2005 | 2.65 Days per year | -15.9% |
| 2006 | -4.18 Days per year | -257.4% |
| 2007 | -2.68 Days per year | -35.9% |
| 2008 | 1.16 Days per year | -143.2% |
| 2009 | -1.01 Days per year | -187.5% |
| 2010 | 4.82 Days per year | -577.1% |
| 2011 | -2.68 Days per year | -155.5% |
| 2012 | -0.3446 Days per year | -87.1% |
| 2013 | 5.82 Days per year | -1789.8% |
| 2014 | 2.66 Days per year | -54.4% |
| 2015 | 1.32 Days per year | -50.2% |
| 2016 | -0.5114 Days per year | -138.7% |
| 2017 | -0.8444 Days per year | +65.1% |
| 2018 | 2.49 Days per year | -394.9% |
| 2019 | 5.32 Days per year | +113.7% |
| 2020 | 1.32 Days per year | -75.2% |
| 2021 | -3.84 Days per year | -391.0% |
| 2022 | -1.01 Days per year | -73.7% |
| 2023 | 1.82 Days per year | -280.1% |
| 2024 | 9.82 Days per year | +438.9% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 0.0445 Days per year | -3.68 Days per year | 2.99 Days per year | 9 |
| 1990s | -0.7279 Days per year | -3.84 Days per year | 2.32 Days per year | 10 |
| 2000s | 0.2055 Days per year | -4.18 Days per year | 3.99 Days per year | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.81 Days per year | -2.68 Days per year | 5.82 Days per year | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.62 Days per year | -3.84 Days per year | 9.82 Days per year | 5 |
More reference data data for Modena
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Change in heating -385.16 Degree days (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs 1,279 Degree days (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Change in cooling 46.33 Degree days (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Cooling degree 323.73 Degree days (2025)
- Precipitation - Cities and FUAs — Extreme precipitation days 17.83 Days per year (2024)
- Assumptions for probability of dying by age, sex, type of projection 0.0002 (2100)
- Cooling and heating degree days by NUTS 2 regions - monthly data 369.98 (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days by NUTS 2 regions - annual data 2,023 (2025)
- Dependency ratio - Cities and FUAs 39 Percentage of population aged 15-64 years (2024)
- Wind threats - Cities and FUAs — Exposure to wind threats 0 Percentage of area (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is precipitation - cities and fuas — change in extreme precipitation in Modena?
- Precipitation - cities and fuas — change in extreme precipitation in Modena was 9.82 Days per year in 2024, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest precipitation - cities and fuas — change in extreme precipitation recorded in Modena?
- The highest recorded value was 9.82 Days per year in 2024.
- What is the lowest precipitation - cities and fuas — change in extreme precipitation recorded in Modena?
- The lowest recorded value was -4.18 Days per year in 2006.
- How does Modena rank for precipitation - cities and fuas — change in extreme precipitation?
- Modena ranks 46th out of 1314 regions with data for 2024.
- Is precipitation - cities and fuas — change in extreme precipitation rising or falling in Modena?
- Over the last ten years it is up 269.9%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Modena data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Precipitation - Cities and FUAs — Change in extreme precipitation days from 1981-2010 period. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 44 observations, free to reuse under OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required).
About this data
This dataset provides indicators of total precipitation and extreme precipitation days in Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) and cities. Data sources and methodology The indicators use ERA5-Land data. Total precipitation is the sum of all liquid and frozen water—such as rain and snow—that reaches the Earth's surface each year. It excludes fog, dew, and any precipitation that evaporates before reaching the ground. Extreme precipitation days are defined as days with more than 20 mm of total precipitation. ERA5-Land is used as it provides harmonised, globally consistent coverage at fine spatial resolution (0.1 degree), enabling the production of comparable subnational indicators also where national meteorological data are not available at the required scale. These estimates may differ from official subnational climate statistics due to differences in methodological approaches, such as the use of reanalysis based top down modelling versus in situ observations, along with variations in input data sources, spatial resolution, and the models and algorithms used to generate temperature estimates. Defining FUAs and cities The OECD, in cooperation with the EU, has developed a harmonised definition of functional urban areas (FUAs) to capture the economic and functional reach of cities based on daily commuting patterns (OECD, 2012). FUAs consist of: A city – defined by urban centres in the degree of urbanisation, adapted to the closest local administrative units to define a city. A commuting zone – including all local areas where at least 15% of employed residents work in the city. The delineation process includes: Assigning municipalities surrounded by a single FUA to that FUA. Excluding non-contiguous municipalities. The correspondence table between SAUs and FUAs/cities is available in parquet and csv format. The definition identifies 1 272 FUAs and 1 269 cities in all OECD member countries except Costa Rica and three accession countries. Cite this dataset OECD Regions, cities and local areas database (Precipitations - FUAs), http://oe.cd/geostats Further information OECD Local Data Portal OECD Regions and Cities at a Glance For questions and/or comments, please email CitiesStat@oecd.org