Political Stability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) by country
Countries reporting
204
Highest
1.58 approx. -2.5 to +2.5
Liechtenstein
Lowest
-2.75 approx. -2.5 to +2.5
Yemen
Median
0.016 approx. -2.5 to +2.5
Years covered
29
1996–2024
Data points
5,255
What the numbers show
Political Stability - Governance estimate (approx. -2.5 to +2.5) is currently reported for 204 countries. The highest value is 1.58 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 in Liechtenstein; the lowest is -2.75 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 in Yemen.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.016 approx. -2.5 to +2.5, and the mean is -0.0254 approx. -2.5 to +2.5.
Over the past decade 92 countries rose and 112 fell. The largest increase was in Belize (up 2,315.4%), and the largest decrease in Ecuador (down 4,205.4%).
Political Stability - Governance estimate: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Liechtenstein | 1.58 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 3.7% | rising |
| 2 | Andorra | 1.54 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 16.0% | rising |
| 3 | Micronesia (country) | 1.5 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 39.7% | rising |
| 4 | Tuvalu | 1.47 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 5.2% | rising |
| 5 | Cayman Islands | 1.46 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 14.5% | rising |
| 6 | San Marino | 1.37 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 12.8% | rising |
| 7 | Bhutan | 1.35 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 17.0% | rising |
| 8 | Aruba | 1.33 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 9 | Uruguay | 1.28 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 16.0% | rising |
| 10 | Marshall Islands | 1.28 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 18.9% | rising |
| 11 | Barbados | 1.27 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 4.9% | rising |
| 12 | Tonga | 1.25 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 33.6% | rising |
| 13 | American Samoa | 1.25 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 0.8% | rising |
| 14 | Greenland | 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 29.5% | falling |
| 15 | Monaco | 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 32.1% | rising |
| 15 | Palau | 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 21.4% | rising |
| 17 | Samoa | 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 15.4% | rising |
| 18 | Kiribati | 1.24 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 3.4% | falling |
| 19 | Dominica | 1.23 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 7.6% | rising |
| 20 | Singapore | 1.23 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 15.5% | rising |
| 21 | Iceland | 1.21 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 5.3% | falling |
| 22 | Brunei | 1.2 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 4.3% | falling |
| 23 | Grenada | 1.2 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 100.9% | rising |
| 24 | Costa Rica | 1.18 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 72.8% | rising |
| 25 | New Zealand | 1.15 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 23.1% | flat |
| 26 | Japan | 1.13 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 27 | Nauru | 1.1 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 21.3% | falling |
| 28 | New Caledonia | 1.1 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 10.3% | rising |
| 29 | Antigua and Barbuda | 1.07 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 30 | Luxembourg | 1.07 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 25.0% | falling |
| 31 | Macao | 1.05 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 7.7% | rising |
| 32 | Bahamas | 1.05 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 27.5% | falling |
| 33 | Saint Lucia | 1.04 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 37.4% | rising |
| 33 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1.04 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 37.4% | rising |
| 35 | Botswana | 1.03 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 36 | French Polynesia | 1.03 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 14.1% | rising |
| 37 | Guam | 0.9927 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 21.4% | rising |
| 38 | Switzerland | 0.9807 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 31.1% | falling |
| 39 | Czechia | 0.9719 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 13.5% | rising |
| 40 | Bermuda | 0.9712 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 18.8% | rising |
| 40 | United States Virgin Islands | 0.9712 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 20.8% | rising |
| 42 | Vanuatu | 0.9602 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 18.3% | flat |
| 43 | Qatar | 0.9512 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 14.0% | flat |
| 44 | Lithuania | 0.9394 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 0.3% | rising |
| 45 | Seychelles | 0.9164 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 100.1% | rising |
| 46 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.9121 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 35.9% | falling |
| 47 | Norway | 0.9033 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 24.7% | falling |
| 48 | Finland | 0.8326 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 36.8% | falling |
| 49 | Malta | 0.8049 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 23.2% | falling |
| 50 | Australia | 0.7933 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 22.2% | falling |
| 51 | Mauritius | 0.7904 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 2.4% | flat |
| 52 | United Arab Emirates | 0.7887 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 12.2% | falling |
| 53 | Belize | 0.7847 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 2,315.4% | volatile |
| 54 | Cape Verde | 0.7696 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 19.2% | falling |
| 55 | Denmark | 0.7689 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 32.0% | falling |
| 56 | Solomon Islands | 0.7499 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 35.0% | volatile |
| 57 | Slovenia | 0.7209 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 31.6% | falling |
| 58 | Ireland | 0.71 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 39.2% | falling |
| 59 | Estonia | 0.6996 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 31.7% | rising |
| 60 | Fiji | 0.6984 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 113.2% | volatile |
| 61 | South Korea | 0.6393 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 62 | Slovakia | 0.6344 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 44.5% | falling |
| 64 | Oman | 0.6272 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 10.1% | falling |
| 65 | Latvia | 0.6201 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 13.9% | rising |
| 66 | Sweden | 0.6035 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 40.7% | falling |
| 67 | Canada | 0.5985 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 48.5% | falling |
| 68 | Dominican Republic | 0.5893 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 972.4% | volatile |
| 69 | Croatia | 0.5814 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 8.2% | rising |
| 70 | Laos | 0.5577 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 47.8% | volatile |
| 71 | Namibia | 0.5467 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 14.2% | rising |
| 72 | Portugal | 0.5369 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 42.9% | falling |
| 73 | East Timor | 0.526 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 246.1% | volatile |
| 74 | Poland | 0.4987 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 52.7% | falling |
| 75 | Austria | 0.4916 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 63.3% | falling |
| 76 | Sao Tome and Principe | 0.489 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 2.0% | falling |
| 77 | Suriname | 0.4782 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 112.9% | volatile |
| 78 | Jamaica | 0.4768 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 1,266.2% | volatile |
| 79 | Puerto Rico | 0.4383 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 31.1% | rising |
| 80 | Hungary | 0.4363 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 45.9% | falling |
| 81 | Netherlands | 0.4281 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 60.0% | falling |
| 82 | Mongolia | 0.4204 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 52.6% | flat |
| 83 | Cyprus | 0.3859 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 45.1% | flat |
| 84 | Malaysia | 0.3848 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 337.3% | volatile |
| 85 | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.36 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 106.9% | volatile |
| 86 | Montenegro | 0.3319 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 9.0% | volatile |
| 87 | North Korea | 0.3221 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 132.0% | volatile |
| 88 | Cuba | 0.3155 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 45.2% | rising |
| 89 | Italy | 0.3087 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 36.9% | falling |
| 90 | Kuwait | 0.2939 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 243.5% | volatile |
| 91 | Panama | 0.2647 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 6.0% | volatile |
| 92 | United Kingdom | 0.2577 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 52.6% | falling |
| 93 | Turkmenistan | 0.2456 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 1,563.0% | volatile |
| 94 | Guyana | 0.2165 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 199.1% | volatile |
| 95 | Romania | 0.1589 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 22.9% | volatile |
| 96 | North Macedonia | 0.1558 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 31.1% | volatile |
| 97 | Greece | 0.1394 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 299.1% | volatile |
| 98 | Cambodia | 0.1284 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 148.9% | volatile |
| 99 | Germany | 0.1243 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 88.4% | falling |
| 100 | Belgium | 0.1215 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 84.6% | falling |
| 101 | Chile | 0.1214 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 83.1% | volatile |
| 102 | Bulgaria | 0.0399 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 83.5% | volatile |
| 103 | Albania | 0.0205 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 92.2% | volatile |
| 104 | Ghana | 0.0115 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 112.3% | volatile |
| 105 | El Salvador | 0.0061 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 106.1% | volatile |
| 106 | Vietnam | 0.0057 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 144.7% | volatile |
| 107 | Spain | -0.003 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 100.6% | volatile |
| 108 | Gambia | -0.018 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 94.8% | volatile |
| 109 | Uzbekistan | -0.0267 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 89.7% | volatile |
| 110 | Rwanda | -0.0437 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 65.5% | volatile |
| 111 | Saudi Arabia | -0.0482 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 84.4% | volatile |
| 112 | Maldives | -0.0545 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 111.3% | volatile |
| 113 | Nicaragua | -0.0694 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 51.8% | volatile |
| 114 | Paraguay | -0.0738 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 786.7% | volatile |
| 115 | United States | -0.0951 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 114.2% | volatile |
| 116 | Zambia | -0.1008 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 73.6% | volatile |
| 117 | Azerbaijan | -0.1404 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 67.6% | rising |
| 118 | Equatorial Guinea | -0.1409 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 74.8% | volatile |
| 119 | China | -0.1533 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 70.7% | rising |
| 120 | Serbia | -0.1686 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 197.3% | volatile |
| 121 | Argentina | -0.1697 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 1,185.1% | volatile |
| 122 | Guatemala | -0.2098 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 71.3% | rising |
| 123 | Comoros | -0.2213 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 1,344.2% | volatile |
| 124 | Liberia | -0.2285 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 55.2% | volatile |
| 125 | Senegal | -0.2286 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 156.5% | volatile |
| 126 | France | -0.2414 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 162.2% | volatile |
| 127 | Congo | -0.2584 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 45.5% | volatile |
| 128 | Lesotho | -0.2589 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 50.3% | volatile |
| 129 | Tajikistan | -0.2757 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 55.2% | volatile |
| 130 | Bahrain | -0.2759 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 73.6% | volatile |
| 131 | Gabon | -0.2769 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 219.9% | volatile |
| 132 | Kazakhstan | -0.2828 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 1,055.3% | volatile |
| 133 | Moldova | -0.345 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 337.6% | volatile |
| 134 | Jordan | -0.3502 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 42.6% | falling |
| 135 | Sri Lanka | -0.3503 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 36.7% | volatile |
| 136 | Belarus | -0.3773 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 379.5% | volatile |
| 137 | Malawi | -0.3802 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 1,224.1% | volatile |
| 138 | Tanzania | -0.3896 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 23.1% | volatile |
| 139 | Benin | -0.403 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 393.9% | volatile |
| 140 | Nepal | -0.4146 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 50.9% | volatile |
| 141 | Ukraine | -0.4323 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 78.3% | volatile |
| 142 | Morocco | -0.4408 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 7.7% | falling |
| 143 | Sierra Leone | -0.4502 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 234.2% | volatile |
| 144 | Madagascar | -0.4806 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 14.6% | volatile |
| 145 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | -0.5011 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 727.9% | rising |
| 146 | Kyrgyzstan | -0.5045 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 28.6% | rising |
| 147 | Brazil | -0.5206 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 115.6% | volatile |
| 148 | Bolivia | -0.546 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 83.3% | volatile |
| 150 | Mauritania | -0.5596 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 26.5% | volatile |
| 151 | Honduras | -0.5672 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 17.8% | falling |
| 152 | Angola | -0.5736 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 12.7% | volatile |
| 153 | Indonesia | -0.6091 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 58.2% | volatile |
| 154 | Georgia | -0.6128 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 2,370.5% | volatile |
| 155 | South Africa | -0.6171 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 167.5% | volatile |
| 156 | Guinea-Bissau | -0.6184 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 29.8% | volatile |
| 157 | Papua New Guinea | -0.6539 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 2.3% | falling |
| 158 | Peru | -0.6544 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 62.0% | volatile |
| 159 | Thailand | -0.6833 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 39.9% | volatile |
| 160 | Algeria | -0.6936 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 41.1% | rising |
| 161 | Eritrea | -0.7086 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 8.7% | rising |
| 162 | Mexico | -0.7155 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 25.4% | falling |
| 163 | Ecuador | -0.7211 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 4,205.4% | volatile |
| 164 | Armenia | -0.7233 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 206.7% | volatile |
| 165 | Eswatini | -0.7328 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 84.3% | volatile |
| 166 | Philippines | -0.7741 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 167 | India | -0.7858 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 3.9% | rising |
| 168 | Togo | -0.8094 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 169.7% | volatile |
| 169 | Cote d'Ivoire | -0.8438 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 18.6% | rising |
| 170 | Russia | -0.9033 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 29.1% | rising |
| 171 | Tunisia | -0.9248 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 53.8% | volatile |
| 172 | Turkey | -0.9707 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 21.4% | falling |
| 173 | Colombia | -0.9709 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 2.5% | rising |
| 174 | Egypt | -0.9779 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 35.2% | falling |
| 175 | Zimbabwe | -1.02 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 4.2% | rising |
| 176 | Uganda | -1.02 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 4.7% | rising |
| 177 | Israel | -1.04 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 75.1% | rising |
| 178 | Guinea | -1.04 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 11.2% | rising |
| 179 | Haiti | -1.2 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 30.3% | rising |
| 180 | Kenya | -1.36 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 7.3% | rising |
| 181 | Burundi | -1.38 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 29.6% | rising |
| 182 | Lebanon | -1.39 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 7.0% | falling |
| 183 | Bangladesh | -1.46 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 39.2% | falling |
| 184 | South Sudan | -1.49 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 40.5% | rising |
| 185 | Cameroon | -1.56 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 68.9% | falling |
| 186 | Iran | -1.58 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 117.6% | falling |
| 187 | Venezuela | -1.74 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 48.2% | falling |
| 188 | Mozambique | -1.76 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 183.7% | volatile |
| 189 | Niger | -1.76 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 79.8% | falling |
| 190 | Chad | -1.78 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 33.8% | flat |
| 191 | Central African Republic | -1.83 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 26.3% | falling |
| 192 | Palestine | -1.88 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 12.1% | flat |
| 193 | Ethiopia | -1.88 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 60.2% | falling |
| 194 | Libya | -1.9 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 16.3% | volatile |
| 195 | Burkina Faso | -1.91 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 172.4% | volatile |
| 196 | Nigeria | -2 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 8.4% | falling |
| 197 | Sudan | -2.02 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 9.0% | rising |
| 198 | Pakistan | -2.06 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 16.2% | falling |
| 199 | Iraq | -2.06 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 8.4% | falling |
| 200 | Myanmar | -2.09 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 81.7% | falling |
| 201 | Democratic Republic of Congo | -2.12 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 5.7% | rising |
| 202 | Afghanistan | -2.21 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 4.9% | rising |
| 203 | Somalia | -2.26 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 204 | Syria | -2.37 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 0.8% | volatile |
| 205 | Mali | -2.49 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 56.7% | volatile |
| 206 | Yemen | -2.75 approx. -2.5 to +2.5 | 2024 | down 9.0% | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Kosovo -0.3219 approx. -2.5 to +2.5