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Political Civil Liberties Index in Madagascar

Madagascar: Political Civil Liberties Index was 0.743 in 2025. ◆ Volatile

Latest (2025)
0.743
Change on year
down 5.9%
World rank
89th
of 176 countries
All-time high
0.843
in 2018
All-time low
0.048
in 1829
Years of data
209
1817–2025

Political Civil Liberties Index in Madagascar, 1817–2025

00.20.40.60.8181719212025

Source: V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.

Analysis

In 2025, political civil liberties index in Madagascar stood at 0.743.

Compared with earlier readings it is down 5.9% on the previous year and down 9.7% over ten years.

Over the whole period, political civil liberties index in Madagascar peaked at 0.843 in 2018 and was at its lowest, 0.048, in 1829.

That places Madagascar 89th out of 176 countries with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.

The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.

Political Civil Liberties Index in Madagascar, year by year

Year Value Change
1817 0.124 —
1818 0.124 +0.0%
1819 0.124 +0.0%
1820 0.124 +0.0%
1821 0.124 +0.0%
1822 0.124 +0.0%
1823 0.124 +0.0%
1824 0.124 +0.0%
1825 0.124 +0.0%
1826 0.124 +0.0%
1827 0.124 +0.0%
1828 0.097 -21.8%
1829 0.048 -50.5%
1830 0.048 +0.0%
1831 0.048 +0.0%
1832 0.048 +0.0%
1833 0.048 +0.0%
1834 0.048 +0.0%
1835 0.048 +0.0%
1836 0.048 +0.0%
1837 0.048 +0.0%
1838 0.048 +0.0%
1839 0.048 +0.0%
1840 0.048 +0.0%
1841 0.048 +0.0%
1842 0.048 +0.0%
1843 0.048 +0.0%
1844 0.048 +0.0%
1845 0.048 +0.0%
1846 0.048 +0.0%
1847 0.048 +0.0%
1848 0.048 +0.0%
1849 0.048 +0.0%
1850 0.048 +0.0%
1851 0.048 +0.0%
1852 0.048 +0.0%
1853 0.048 +0.0%
1854 0.048 +0.0%
1855 0.048 +0.0%
1856 0.048 +0.0%
1857 0.048 +0.0%
1858 0.048 +0.0%
1859 0.048 +0.0%
1860 0.048 +0.0%
1861 0.311 +547.9%
1862 0.32 +2.9%
1863 0.32 +0.0%
1864 0.175 -45.3%
1865 0.175 +0.0%
1866 0.175 +0.0%
1867 0.175 +0.0%
1868 0.175 +0.0%
1869 0.157 -10.3%
1870 0.157 +0.0%
1871 0.157 +0.0%
1872 0.157 +0.0%
1873 0.157 +0.0%
1874 0.157 +0.0%
1875 0.157 +0.0%
1876 0.157 +0.0%
1877 0.157 +0.0%
1878 0.157 +0.0%
1879 0.157 +0.0%
1880 0.157 +0.0%
1881 0.157 +0.0%
1882 0.157 +0.0%
1883 0.157 +0.0%
1884 0.135 -14.0%
1885 0.135 +0.0%
1886 0.135 +0.0%
1887 0.135 +0.0%
1888 0.135 +0.0%
1889 0.135 +0.0%
1890 0.135 +0.0%
1891 0.135 +0.0%
1892 0.135 +0.0%
1893 0.135 +0.0%
1894 0.135 +0.0%
1895 0.135 +0.0%
1896 0.135 +0.0%
1897 0.088 -34.8%
1898 0.124 +40.9%
1899 0.124 +0.0%
1900 0.127 +2.4%
1901 0.121 -4.7%
1902 0.121 +0.0%
1903 0.121 +0.0%
1904 0.121 +0.0%
1905 0.121 +0.0%
1906 0.145 +19.8%
1907 0.145 +0.0%
1908 0.145 +0.0%
1909 0.145 +0.0%
1910 0.145 +0.0%
1911 0.145 +0.0%
1912 0.15 +3.4%
1913 0.143 -4.7%
1914 0.143 +0.0%
1915 0.143 +0.0%
1916 0.143 +0.0%
1917 0.143 +0.0%
1918 0.143 +0.0%
1919 0.143 +0.0%
1920 0.143 +0.0%
1921 0.123 -14.0%
1922 0.123 +0.0%
1923 0.123 +0.0%
1924 0.123 +0.0%
1925 0.123 +0.0%
1926 0.123 +0.0%
1927 0.123 +0.0%
1928 0.123 +0.0%
1929 0.123 +0.0%
1930 0.123 +0.0%
1931 0.123 +0.0%
1932 0.123 +0.0%
1933 0.123 +0.0%
1934 0.123 +0.0%
1935 0.123 +0.0%
1936 0.163 +32.5%
1937 0.166 +1.8%
1938 0.166 +0.0%
1939 0.154 -7.2%
1940 0.108 -29.9%
1941 0.108 +0.0%
1942 0.108 +0.0%
1943 0.108 +0.0%
1944 0.108 +0.0%
1945 0.127 +17.6%
1946 0.252 +98.4%
1947 0.154 -38.9%
1948 0.136 -11.7%
1949 0.136 +0.0%
1950 0.136 +0.0%
1951 0.141 +3.7%
1952 0.141 +0.0%
1953 0.141 +0.0%
1954 0.141 +0.0%
1955 0.141 +0.0%
1956 0.173 +22.7%
1957 0.248 +43.4%
1958 0.25 +0.8%
1959 0.278 +11.2%
1960 0.317 +14.0%
1961 0.357 +12.6%
1962 0.357 +0.0%
1963 0.357 +0.0%
1964 0.357 +0.0%
1965 0.357 +0.0%
1966 0.357 +0.0%
1967 0.357 +0.0%
1968 0.357 +0.0%
1969 0.357 +0.0%
1970 0.351 -1.7%
1971 0.351 +0.0%
1972 0.377 +7.4%
1973 0.372 -1.3%
1974 0.377 +1.3%
1975 0.234 -37.9%
1976 0.22 -6.0%
1977 0.224 +1.8%
1978 0.218 -2.7%
1979 0.218 +0.0%
1980 0.216 -0.9%
1981 0.216 +0.0%
1982 0.216 +0.0%
1983 0.216 +0.0%
1984 0.216 +0.0%
1985 0.239 +10.6%
1986 0.239 +0.0%
1987 0.268 +12.1%
1988 0.315 +17.5%
1989 0.33 +4.8%
1990 0.379 +14.8%
1991 0.406 +7.1%
1992 0.72 +77.3%
1993 0.748 +3.9%
1994 0.833 +11.4%
1995 0.833 +0.0%
1996 0.833 +0.0%
1997 0.792 -4.9%
1998 0.786 -0.8%
1999 0.782 -0.5%
2000 0.782 +0.0%
2001 0.782 +0.0%
2002 0.754 -3.6%
2003 0.787 +4.4%
2004 0.787 +0.0%
2005 0.787 +0.0%
2006 0.788 +0.1%
2007 0.788 +0.0%
2008 0.788 +0.0%
2009 0.674 -14.5%
2010 0.673 -0.1%
2011 0.673 +0.0%
2012 0.677 +0.6%
2013 0.744 +9.9%
2014 0.806 +8.3%
2015 0.823 +2.1%
2016 0.831 +1.0%
2017 0.827 -0.5%
2018 0.843 +1.9%
2019 0.796 -5.6%
2020 0.797 +0.1%
2021 0.787 -1.3%
2022 0.787 +0.0%
2023 0.792 +0.6%
2024 0.79 -0.3%
2025 0.743 -5.9%

Madagascar compared with similar countries

  • Madagascar's 0.743 is above the median for low income countries, which is 0.368, 2.0× the median. (25 countries reporting)
  • Madagascar's 0.743 is above the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 0.5665, 1.3× the median. (48 countries reporting)

Averages by decade

DecadeAverage LowestHighest Years
1810s 0.124 0.124 0.124 3
1820s 0.1137 0.048 0.124 10
1830s 0.048 0.048 0.048 10
1840s 0.048 0.048 0.048 10
1850s 0.048 0.048 0.048 10
1860s 0.2031 0.048 0.32 10
1870s 0.157 0.157 0.157 10
1880s 0.1438 0.135 0.157 10
1890s 0.1281 0.088 0.135 10
1900s 0.1312 0.121 0.145 10
1910s 0.1441 0.143 0.15 10
1920s 0.125 0.123 0.143 10
1930s 0.1387 0.123 0.166 10
1940s 0.1345 0.108 0.252 10
1950s 0.179 0.136 0.278 10
1960s 0.353 0.317 0.357 10
1970s 0.2942 0.218 0.377 10
1980s 0.2471 0.216 0.33 10
1990s 0.7112 0.379 0.833 10
2000s 0.7717 0.674 0.788 10
2010s 0.7693 0.673 0.843 10
2020s 0.7827 0.743 0.797 6

Countries ranked near Madagascar

  1. 86 North Macedonia 0.753 compare
  2. 87 Gabon 0.747 compare
  3. 87 Niger 0.747 compare
  4. 90 Benin 0.741 compare
  5. 91 Bolivia 0.735 compare
  6. 91 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.735 compare

See the full ranking of 176 places →

More reference data data for Madagascar

All data for Madagascar →

Frequently asked questions

What is political civil liberties index in Madagascar?
Political civil liberties index in Madagascar was 0.743 in 2025, according to V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data.
What is the highest political civil liberties index recorded in Madagascar?
The highest recorded value was 0.843 in 2018.
What is the lowest political civil liberties index recorded in Madagascar?
The lowest recorded value was 0.048 in 1829.
How does Madagascar rank for political civil liberties index?
Madagascar ranks 89th out of 176 countries with data for 2025.
Is political civil liberties index rising or falling in Madagascar?
Over the last ten years it is down 9.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
Where does this Madagascar data come from?
The figures come from V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Political Civil Liberties Index. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.

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Political Civil Liberties Index in Madagascar. Statizoid, drawing on V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data. Retrieved 29 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/stat/political-civil-liberties-index/madagascar/

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About this data

Indicator
Political Civil Liberties Index
Source
V-Dem (2026) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
176 places, 30,211 data points, 1789–2025
Last refreshed

Central estimate of the extent to which people enjoy the freedoms of expression and association.