Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs in Parma
Parma: Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs was 1,343 Degree days in 2025. ▼ Falling
Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs in Parma, 1950–2025
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Measured in Degree days.
Analysis
In 2025, cooling and heating degree days - cities and fuas in Parma stood at 1,343 Degree days.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 10.3% on the previous year and down 11.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, cooling and heating degree days - cities and fuas in Parma peaked at 2,303 Degree days in 1956 and was at its lowest, 1,286 Degree days, in 2014.
That places Parma 753rd out of 1314 regions with data for 2025, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 76 years of available data.
Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs in Parma, year by year
| Year | Degree days | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 1,832 Degree days | — |
| 1951 | 1,769 Degree days | -3.4% |
| 1952 | 2,022 Degree days | +14.3% |
| 1953 | 1,979 Degree days | -2.1% |
| 1954 | 2,078 Degree days | +5.0% |
| 1955 | 1,833 Degree days | -11.8% |
| 1956 | 2,303 Degree days | +25.6% |
| 1957 | 1,819 Degree days | -21.0% |
| 1958 | 1,845 Degree days | +1.5% |
| 1959 | 1,723 Degree days | -6.6% |
| 1960 | 1,844 Degree days | +7.0% |
| 1961 | 1,709 Degree days | -7.4% |
| 1962 | 2,053 Degree days | +20.1% |
| 1963 | 2,256 Degree days | +9.9% |
| 1964 | 1,968 Degree days | -12.8% |
| 1965 | 2,068 Degree days | +5.1% |
| 1966 | 1,923 Degree days | -7.0% |
| 1967 | 1,832 Degree days | -4.7% |
| 1968 | 1,879 Degree days | +2.6% |
| 1969 | 2,180 Degree days | +16.0% |
| 1970 | 1,931 Degree days | -11.5% |
| 1971 | 1,915 Degree days | -0.8% |
| 1972 | 1,822 Degree days | -4.9% |
| 1973 | 1,951 Degree days | +7.1% |
| 1974 | 1,737 Degree days | -11.0% |
| 1975 | 1,772 Degree days | +2.0% |
| 1976 | 1,929 Degree days | +8.9% |
| 1977 | 1,752 Degree days | -9.2% |
| 1978 | 2,032 Degree days | +16.0% |
| 1979 | 1,956 Degree days | -3.7% |
| 1980 | 2,079 Degree days | +6.3% |
| 1981 | 1,884 Degree days | -9.4% |
| 1982 | 1,803 Degree days | -4.3% |
| 1983 | 1,826 Degree days | +1.3% |
| 1984 | 1,960 Degree days | +7.3% |
| 1985 | 2,024 Degree days | +3.3% |
| 1986 | 1,921 Degree days | -5.1% |
| 1987 | 1,906 Degree days | -0.8% |
| 1988 | 1,704 Degree days | -10.6% |
| 1989 | 1,725 Degree days | +1.2% |
| 1990 | 1,666 Degree days | -3.4% |
| 1991 | 2,018 Degree days | +21.2% |
| 1992 | 1,686 Degree days | -16.5% |
| 1993 | 1,786 Degree days | +6.0% |
| 1994 | 1,525 Degree days | -14.6% |
| 1995 | 1,752 Degree days | +14.9% |
| 1996 | 1,799 Degree days | +2.7% |
| 1997 | 1,577 Degree days | -12.4% |
| 1998 | 1,704 Degree days | +8.1% |
| 1999 | 1,729 Degree days | +1.5% |
| 2000 | 1,488 Degree days | -13.9% |
| 2001 | 1,681 Degree days | +13.0% |
| 2002 | 1,511 Degree days | -10.1% |
| 2003 | 1,768 Degree days | +17.0% |
| 2004 | 1,752 Degree days | -0.9% |
| 2005 | 1,917 Degree days | +9.4% |
| 2006 | 1,686 Degree days | -12.0% |
| 2007 | 1,503 Degree days | -10.9% |
| 2008 | 1,569 Degree days | +4.5% |
| 2009 | 1,739 Degree days | +10.8% |
| 2010 | 1,919 Degree days | +10.4% |
| 2011 | 1,695 Degree days | -11.7% |
| 2012 | 1,726 Degree days | +1.8% |
| 2013 | 1,770 Degree days | +2.5% |
| 2014 | 1,286 Degree days | -27.4% |
| 2015 | 1,514 Degree days | +17.8% |
| 2016 | 1,529 Degree days | +1.0% |
| 2017 | 1,593 Degree days | +4.2% |
| 2018 | 1,563 Degree days | -1.8% |
| 2019 | 1,484 Degree days | -5.1% |
| 2020 | 1,479 Degree days | -0.3% |
| 2021 | 1,661 Degree days | +12.3% |
| 2022 | 1,436 Degree days | -13.5% |
| 2023 | 1,442 Degree days | +0.4% |
| 2024 | 1,496 Degree days | +3.8% |
| 2025 | 1,343 Degree days | -10.3% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950s | 1,920 Degree days | 1,723 Degree days | 2,303 Degree days | 10 |
| 1960s | 1,971 Degree days | 1,709 Degree days | 2,256 Degree days | 10 |
| 1970s | 1,880 Degree days | 1,737 Degree days | 2,032 Degree days | 10 |
| 1980s | 1,883 Degree days | 1,704 Degree days | 2,079 Degree days | 10 |
| 1990s | 1,724 Degree days | 1,525 Degree days | 2,018 Degree days | 10 |
| 2000s | 1,661 Degree days | 1,488 Degree days | 1,917 Degree days | 10 |
| 2010s | 1,608 Degree days | 1,286 Degree days | 1,919 Degree days | 10 |
| 2020s | 1,476 Degree days | 1,343 Degree days | 1,661 Degree days | 6 |
More reference data data for Parma
- Cooling and heating degree days by NUTS 2 regions - annual data 4.77 % change on previous year (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Cooling degree 310.91 Degree days (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Change in cooling 47.97 Degree days (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Change in heating -408.16 Degree days (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Change in heating -60.38 % change on previous year (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days by NUTS 2 regions - monthly data -11.05 % change on previous year (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs, annual growth rate -10.27 % change on previous year (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Change in cooling -33.59 % change on previous year (2025)
- Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Cooling degree -7.24 % change on previous year (2025)
- Precipitation - Cities and FUAs — Extreme precipitation days 20.22 Days per year (2024)
Frequently asked questions
- What is cooling and heating degree days - cities and fuas in Parma?
- Cooling and heating degree days - cities and fuas in Parma was 1,343 Degree days in 2025, according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
- What is the highest cooling and heating degree days - cities and fuas recorded in Parma?
- The highest recorded value was 2,303 Degree days in 1956.
- What is the lowest cooling and heating degree days - cities and fuas recorded in Parma?
- The lowest recorded value was 1,286 Degree days in 2014.
- How does Parma rank for cooling and heating degree days - cities and fuas?
- Parma ranks 753rd out of 1314 regions with data for 2025.
- Is cooling and heating degree days - cities and fuas rising or falling in Parma?
- Over the last ten years it is down 11.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Parma data come from?
- The figures come from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as part of Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 76 observations, free to reuse under OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required).
About this data
This dataset provides indicators of Cooling and Heating Degree Days (CDDs and HDDs) for FUAs and cities. CDDs and HDDs are measurements used to estimate energy usage based on outdoor temperature. CDD measures the demand for cooling, while HDD measures the demand for heating, both calculated relative to a baseline temperature. Data sources and methodology The indicators use 0.1-degree resolution grids from the ERA5-Land dataset. ERA5-Land is used as it provides harmonised, globally consistent coverage at fine spatial resolution (0.1 degree), enabling the production of comparable subnational indicators also where national meteorological data are not available at the required scale. Annual CDDs are the sum over a year of the differences between the daily mean outdoor air temperature and the threshold temperature when the outdoor temperature is above the threshold temperature. HDDs are the sum over a year of the differences between the threshold temperature and the daily mean outdoor air temperature when the outdoor temperature is below the threshold temperature. Threshold temperatures are set to 22°C for CDDs and 15°C for HDDs. These estimates may differ from official subnational climate statistics due to differences in methodological approaches, such as the use of reanalysis based top down modelling versus in situ observations, along with variations in input data sources, spatial resolution, and the models and algorithms used to generate temperature estimates. Defining FUAs and cities The OECD, in cooperation with the EU, has developed a harmonised definition of functional urban areas (FUAs) to capture the economic and functional reach of cities based on daily commuting patterns (OECD, 2012). FUAs consist of: A city – defined by urban centres in the degree of urbanisation, adapted to the closest local administrative units to define a city. A commuting zone – including all local areas where at least 15% of employed residents work in the city. The delineation process includes: Assigning municipalities surrounded by a single FUA to that FUA. Excluding non-contiguous municipalities. The correspondence table between SAUs and FUAs/cities is available in parquet and csv format. The definition identifies 1 272 FUAs and 1 269 cities in all OECD member countries except Costa Rica and three accession countries. Cite this dataset OECD Regions, cities and local areas database (Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs), http://oe.cd/geostats Further information OECD Local Data Portal OECD Regions and Cities at a Glance For questions and/or comments, please email CitiesStat@oecd.org