Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Cooling degree days by country
This dataset provides indicators of Cooling and Heating Degree Days (CDDs and HDDs) for FUAs and cities. CDDs and HDDs are measurements used to estimate energy usage based on outdoor temperature. CDD measures the demand for cooling, while HDD measures the demand for heating, both calculated relative to a baseline...
What the numbers show
Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Cooling degree days is currently reported for 2 countries. The highest value is 32.1 Degree days in Luxembourg; the lowest is 0 Degree days in Armenia.
The median across all reporting countries is 16.05 Degree days, and the mean is 16.05 Degree days.
Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs — Cooling degree: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Luxembourg | 32.1 Degree days | 2025 | down 60.6% | volatile |
| 2 | Armenia | 0 Degree days | 2025 | down 100.0% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- Campeche 2,145 Degree days
- Toledo 598.19 Degree days
- Carmen 2,088 Degree days
- Sacramento 232.84 Degree days
- Barranquilla 2,023 Degree days
- Treviso 202.94 Degree days
- Magangué 2,016 Degree days
- Coimbra 154.64 Degree days
- Fort-de-France 2,013 Degree days
- Braga 152.25 Degree days
- Maicao 2,011 Degree days
- Porto 137.03 Degree days
- Sabanalarga 2,005 Degree days
- Nantes 87.24 Degree days
- Greater Darwin 1,992 Degree days
- Santiago 40.47 Degree days
- Villahermosa 1,895 Degree days
- Valparaíso 3.15 Degree days
- Merida 1,887 Degree days
- Arauca 1,792 Degree days
- Sincelejo 1,740 Degree days
- Nuevo Laredo 1,728 Degree days
- Yuma 1,706 Degree days
- Piedras Negras 1,698 Degree days
- Montería 1,691 Degree days
- El Carmen de Bolívar 1,665 Degree days
- Barrancabermeja 1,660 Degree days
- Caucasia 1,652 Degree days
- Webb 1,652 Degree days
- Mamoudzou 1,639 Degree days
- Benito Juarez 1,635 Degree days
- San Luis Rio Colorado 1,583 Degree days
- Cajeme 1,565 Degree days
- Solidaridad 1,555 Degree days
- Hidalgo 1,554 Degree days
- La Dorada 1,550 Degree days
- Maverick 1,547 Degree days
- Phoenix 1,543 Degree days
- Othon P. Blanco 1,542 Degree days
- Navojoa 1,541 Degree days
About this data
This dataset provides indicators of Cooling and Heating Degree Days (CDDs and HDDs) for FUAs and cities. CDDs and HDDs are measurements used to estimate energy usage based on outdoor temperature. CDD measures the demand for cooling, while HDD measures the demand for heating, both calculated relative to a baseline temperature. Data sources and methodology The indicators use 0.1-degree resolution grids from the ERA5-Land dataset. ERA5-Land is used as it provides harmonised, globally consistent coverage at fine spatial resolution (0.1 degree), enabling the production of comparable subnational indicators also where national meteorological data are not available at the required scale. Annual CDDs are the sum over a year of the differences between the daily mean outdoor air temperature and the threshold temperature when the outdoor temperature is above the threshold temperature. HDDs are the sum over a year of the differences between the threshold temperature and the daily mean outdoor air temperature when the outdoor temperature is below the threshold temperature. Threshold temperatures are set to 22°C for CDDs and 15°C for HDDs. These estimates may differ from official subnational climate statistics due to differences in methodological approaches, such as the use of reanalysis based top down modelling versus in situ observations, along with variations in input data sources, spatial resolution, and the models and algorithms used to generate temperature estimates. Defining FUAs and cities The OECD, in cooperation with the EU, has developed a harmonised definition of functional urban areas (FUAs) to capture the economic and functional reach of cities based on daily commuting patterns (OECD, 2012). FUAs consist of: A city – defined by urban centres in the degree of urbanisation, adapted to the closest local administrative units to define a city. A commuting zone – including all local areas where at least 15% of employed residents work in the city. The delineation process includes: Assigning municipalities surrounded by a single FUA to that FUA. Excluding non-contiguous municipalities. The correspondence table between SAUs and FUAs/cities is available in parquet and csv format. The definition identifies 1 272 FUAs and 1 269 cities in all OECD member countries except Costa Rica and three accession countries. Cite this dataset OECD Regions, cities and local areas database (Cooling and heating degree days - Cities and FUAs), http://oe.cd/geostats Further information OECD Local Data Portal OECD Regions and Cities at a Glance For questions and/or comments, please email CitiesStat@oecd.org