{"entity":{"iso2":"RU","iso3":"RUS","name":"Russia","slug":"russian-federation"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"clientelism-index","source":"V-Dem (2026) \u2013 processed by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/clientelism-index","title":"Clientelism Index","unit":null},"observations":[{"date":"1900-01-01","value":0.411},{"date":"1901-01-01","value":0.402},{"date":"1902-01-01","value":0.425},{"date":"1903-01-01","value":0.425},{"date":"1904-01-01","value":0.425},{"date":"1905-01-01","value":0.419},{"date":"1906-01-01","value":0.305},{"date":"1907-01-01","value":0.312},{"date":"1908-01-01","value":0.312},{"date":"1909-01-01","value":0.312},{"date":"1910-01-01","value":0.312},{"date":"1911-01-01","value":0.312},{"date":"1912-01-01","value":0.312},{"date":"1913-01-01","value":0.312},{"date":"1914-01-01","value":0.312},{"date":"1915-01-01","value":0.312},{"date":"1916-01-01","value":0.312},{"date":"1917-01-01","value":0.245},{"date":"1918-01-01","value":0.192},{"date":"1919-01-01","value":0.193},{"date":"1920-01-01","value":0.193},{"date":"1921-01-01","value":0.259},{"date":"1922-01-01","value":0.259},{"date":"1923-01-01","value":0.259},{"date":"1924-01-01","value":0.259},{"date":"1925-01-01","value":0.259},{"date":"1926-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1927-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1928-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1929-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1930-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1931-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1932-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1933-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1934-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1935-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1936-01-01","value":0.229},{"date":"1937-01-01","value":0.225},{"date":"1938-01-01","value":0.165},{"date":"1939-01-01","value":0.165},{"date":"1940-01-01","value":0.165},{"date":"1941-01-01","value":0.168},{"date":"1942-01-01","value":0.168},{"date":"1943-01-01","value":0.168},{"date":"1944-01-01","value":0.168},{"date":"1945-01-01","value":0.168},{"date":"1946-01-01","value":0.165},{"date":"1947-01-01","value":0.166},{"date":"1948-01-01","value":0.166},{"date":"1949-01-01","value":0.166},{"date":"1950-01-01","value":0.154},{"date":"1951-01-01","value":0.152},{"date":"1952-01-01","value":0.152},{"date":"1953-01-01","value":0.152},{"date":"1954-01-01","value":0.156},{"date":"1955-01-01","value":0.157},{"date":"1956-01-01","value":0.157},{"date":"1957-01-01","value":0.157},{"date":"1958-01-01","value":0.153},{"date":"1959-01-01","value":0.152},{"date":"1960-01-01","value":0.152},{"date":"1961-01-01","value":0.14},{"date":"1962-01-01","value":0.278},{"date":"1963-01-01","value":0.315},{"date":"1964-01-01","value":0.315},{"date":"1965-01-01","value":0.315},{"date":"1966-01-01","value":0.32},{"date":"1967-01-01","value":0.324},{"date":"1968-01-01","value":0.324},{"date":"1969-01-01","value":0.324},{"date":"1970-01-01","value":0.221},{"date":"1971-01-01","value":0.137},{"date":"1972-01-01","value":0.137},{"date":"1973-01-01","value":0.137},{"date":"1974-01-01","value":0.139},{"date":"1975-01-01","value":0.141},{"date":"1976-01-01","value":0.141},{"date":"1977-01-01","value":0.141},{"date":"1978-01-01","value":0.141},{"date":"1979-01-01","value":0.141},{"date":"1980-01-01","value":0.141},{"date":"1981-01-01","value":0.141},{"date":"1982-01-01","value":0.141},{"date":"1983-01-01","value":0.141},{"date":"1984-01-01","value":0.155},{"date":"1985-01-01","value":0.158},{"date":"1986-01-01","value":0.166},{"date":"1987-01-01","value":0.166},{"date":"1988-01-01","value":0.164},{"date":"1989-01-01","value":0.175},{"date":"1990-01-01","value":0.315},{"date":"1991-01-01","value":0.297},{"date":"1992-01-01","value":0.405},{"date":"1993-01-01","value":0.383},{"date":"1994-01-01","value":0.432},{"date":"1995-01-01","value":0.433},{"date":"1996-01-01","value":0.489},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":0.521},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":0.521},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":0.522},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":0.506},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":0.509},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":0.496},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":0.494},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":0.45},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":0.475},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":0.452},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":0.421},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":0.473},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":0.482},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":0.468},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":0.467},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":0.504},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":0.519},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":0.519},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":0.519},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":0.547},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":0.504},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":0.473},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":0.44},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":0.465},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":0.477},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":0.534},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":0.523},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":0.5},{"date":"2025-01-01","value":0.485}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2025-01-01","latest_value":0.485,"max":0.547,"mean":0.295119,"min":0.137,"of":176,"rank":91,"trend":"rising"}}