{"entity":{"iso2":"RU","iso3":"RUS","name":"Russia","slug":"russian-federation"},"indicator":{"licence":"CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)","slug":"average-annual-surface-temperature","source":"Contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information (2026) \u2013 with major processing by Our World in Data","source_url":"https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/average-annual-surface-temperature","title":"Average annual surface temperature","unit":"\u00b0C"},"observations":[{"date":"1940-01-01","value":-5.0455},{"date":"1941-01-01","value":-5.90551},{"date":"1942-01-01","value":-4.97008},{"date":"1943-01-01","value":-3.59856},{"date":"1944-01-01","value":-3.85736},{"date":"1945-01-01","value":-4.9287},{"date":"1946-01-01","value":-5.47543},{"date":"1947-01-01","value":-4.73865},{"date":"1948-01-01","value":-3.98613},{"date":"1949-01-01","value":-4.33645},{"date":"1950-01-01","value":-5.01026},{"date":"1951-01-01","value":-4.47458},{"date":"1952-01-01","value":-5.63679},{"date":"1953-01-01","value":-4.19181},{"date":"1954-01-01","value":-4.82075},{"date":"1955-01-01","value":-5.08162},{"date":"1956-01-01","value":-5.21357},{"date":"1957-01-01","value":-4.73561},{"date":"1958-01-01","value":-5.6053},{"date":"1959-01-01","value":-4.29945},{"date":"1960-01-01","value":-5.39594},{"date":"1961-01-01","value":-4.47416},{"date":"1962-01-01","value":-3.95632},{"date":"1963-01-01","value":-4.5406},{"date":"1964-01-01","value":-5.22822},{"date":"1965-01-01","value":-5.37371},{"date":"1966-01-01","value":-5.81712},{"date":"1967-01-01","value":-3.90789},{"date":"1968-01-01","value":-5.15735},{"date":"1969-01-01","value":-6.28353},{"date":"1970-01-01","value":-5.0488},{"date":"1971-01-01","value":-4.5102},{"date":"1972-01-01","value":-5.19837},{"date":"1973-01-01","value":-4.34028},{"date":"1974-01-01","value":-5.23643},{"date":"1975-01-01","value":-3.65979},{"date":"1976-01-01","value":-5.48733},{"date":"1977-01-01","value":-5.12761},{"date":"1978-01-01","value":-4.87918},{"date":"1979-01-01","value":-5.4026},{"date":"1980-01-01","value":-4.90911},{"date":"1981-01-01","value":-3.68468},{"date":"1982-01-01","value":-4.63083},{"date":"1983-01-01","value":-3.46213},{"date":"1984-01-01","value":-4.80976},{"date":"1985-01-01","value":-5.05364},{"date":"1986-01-01","value":-4.42453},{"date":"1987-01-01","value":-5.83767},{"date":"1988-01-01","value":-3.83941},{"date":"1989-01-01","value":-3.60753},{"date":"1990-01-01","value":-3.57593},{"date":"1991-01-01","value":-3.78981},{"date":"1992-01-01","value":-4.457},{"date":"1993-01-01","value":-4.20372},{"date":"1994-01-01","value":-4.44705},{"date":"1995-01-01","value":-2.71056},{"date":"1996-01-01","value":-4.43405},{"date":"1997-01-01","value":-3.96496},{"date":"1998-01-01","value":-4.90051},{"date":"1999-01-01","value":-4.41127},{"date":"2000-01-01","value":-4.18653},{"date":"2001-01-01","value":-4.10617},{"date":"2002-01-01","value":-3.72141},{"date":"2003-01-01","value":-3.39249},{"date":"2004-01-01","value":-4.001},{"date":"2005-01-01","value":-3.00931},{"date":"2006-01-01","value":-4.22888},{"date":"2007-01-01","value":-2.481},{"date":"2008-01-01","value":-2.81874},{"date":"2009-01-01","value":-4.15984},{"date":"2010-01-01","value":-4.09083},{"date":"2011-01-01","value":-2.93712},{"date":"2012-01-01","value":-3.43296},{"date":"2013-01-01","value":-3.27634},{"date":"2014-01-01","value":-3.4577},{"date":"2015-01-01","value":-2.63531},{"date":"2016-01-01","value":-2.81439},{"date":"2017-01-01","value":-2.61546},{"date":"2018-01-01","value":-3.17534},{"date":"2019-01-01","value":-2.5742},{"date":"2020-01-01","value":-1.27608},{"date":"2021-01-01","value":-3.46206},{"date":"2022-01-01","value":-2.53654},{"date":"2023-01-01","value":-2.58544},{"date":"2024-01-01","value":-2.27622},{"date":"2025-01-01","value":-2.34663}],"summary":{"latest_period":"2025-01-01","latest_value":-2.34663,"max":-1.27608,"mean":-4.20569,"min":-6.28353,"of":193,"rank":191,"trend":"rising"}}