24_International reserves (excluding gold) by country
The data on international reserve assets refer to entries published in the world tables of the IMF’s International Financial Statistics (IFS).
Countries reporting
174
Highest
3.30 trillion excluding gold
China
Lowest
75.86 million excluding gold
Sao Tome and Principe
Median
5.70 billion excluding gold
Years covered
36
1990–2025
Data points
6,019
What the numbers show
24_International reserves (excluding gold) is currently reported for 174 countries. The highest value is 3.30 trillion excluding gold in China; the lowest is 75.86 million excluding gold in Sao Tome and Principe.
The median across all reporting countries is 5.70 billion excluding gold, and the mean is 73.93 billion excluding gold.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 43,562.
Over the past decade 135 countries rose and 39 fell. The largest increase was in Syria (up 15,073.2%), and the largest decrease in Bolivia (down 99.2%).
24_International reserves: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 3.30 trillion excluding gold | 2025 | down 11.8% | volatile |
| 2 | Japan | 1.19 trillion excluding gold | 2025 | down 2.3% | volatile |
| 3 | Switzerland | 836.69 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 54.1% | volatile |
| 4 | India | 590.19 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 82.3% | volatile |
| 5 | Saudi Arabia | 453.86 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 34.9% | volatile |
| 6 | Hong Kong | 430.62 billion excluding gold | 2023 | up 41.8% | volatile |
| 7 | Russia | 417.72 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 35.1% | volatile |
| 8 | South Korea | 403.52 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 12.7% | volatile |
| 9 | Singapore | 376.96 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 51.9% | volatile |
| 10 | Brazil | 323.17 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 10.3% | volatile |
| 11 | United Arab Emirates | 251.12 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 237.5% | volatile |
| 12 | Mexico | 234.76 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 21.6% | volatile |
| 13 | United States | 234.59 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 116.8% | volatile |
| 14 | Thailand | 221.75 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 47.4% | volatile |
| 15 | Israel | 218.81 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 157.5% | volatile |
| 16 | Poland | 187.64 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 101.3% | volatile |
| 17 | United Kingdom | 152.91 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 23.5% | volatile |
| 18 | Indonesia | 149.44 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 37.6% | volatile |
| 19 | Czechia | 145.50 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 179.6% | volatile |
| 20 | Canada | 124.11 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 60.0% | volatile |
| 21 | Malaysia | 113.69 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 9.6% | volatile |
| 22 | Denmark | 109.59 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 2.9% | volatile |
| 23 | Germany | 99.26 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 62.1% | rising |
| 24 | Philippines | 93.91 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 28.6% | volatile |
| 25 | Norway | 88.15 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 33.9% | rising |
| 26 | Italy | 85.60 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 84.8% | rising |
| 27 | Spain | 84.25 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 89.3% | rising |
| 28 | Vietnam | 82.55 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 123.7% | volatile |
| 29 | France | 82.44 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 63.3% | rising |
| 30 | Iraq | 82.24 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 27.5% | volatile |
| 31 | Libya | 81.61 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 0.5% | volatile |
| 32 | Turkey | 80.62 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 20.3% | volatile |
| 33 | Peru | 77.88 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 29.4% | volatile |
| 34 | Romania | 67.07 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 104.4% | volatile |
| 35 | Algeria | 64.36 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 59.9% | volatile |
| 36 | Colombia | 62.76 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 36.4% | volatile |
| 37 | Australia | 56.24 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 9.7% | volatile |
| 38 | South Africa | 54.86 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 31.7% | volatile |
| 39 | Sweden | 53.55 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 2.6% | volatile |
| 40 | Kuwait | 45.86 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 48.5% | volatile |
| 41 | Chile | 45.02 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 17.2% | volatile |
| 42 | Qatar | 43.04 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 10.3% | volatile |
| 43 | Ukraine | 39.67 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 337.9% | volatile |
| 44 | Bulgaria | 38.56 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 104.3% | volatile |
| 45 | Hungary | 38.32 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 2.9% | volatile |
| 46 | Morocco | 36.21 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 105.8% | volatile |
| 47 | Nigeria | 35.91 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 22.3% | volatile |
| 48 | Egypt | 32.91 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 176.3% | volatile |
| 49 | Macao | 29.43 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 71.8% | volatile |
| 50 | Netherlands | 28.09 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 61.2% | flat |
| 51 | Serbia | 25.99 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 143.6% | rising |
| 52 | New Zealand | 25.88 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 39.8% | volatile |
| 53 | Guatemala | 24.83 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 230.9% | volatile |
| 54 | Belgium | 23.69 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 49.7% | rising |
| 55 | Kazakhstan | 20.94 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 3.1% | volatile |
| 56 | Syria | 19.12 billion excluding gold | 2011 | up 15,073.2% | volatile |
| 57 | Bangladesh | 18.97 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 15.8% | volatile |
| 58 | Argentina | 18.96 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 34.9% | volatile |
| 59 | Cambodia | 18.71 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 221.0% | volatile |
| 60 | Uruguay | 18.67 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 0.5% | volatile |
| 61 | Oman | 18.29 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 0.6% | volatile |
| 62 | Jordan | 15.97 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 8.1% | volatile |
| 63 | Nepal | 15.45 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 159.8% | volatile |
| 64 | Finland | 15.15 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 78.6% | rising |
| 65 | Dominican Republic | 14.78 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 199.1% | volatile |
| 66 | Costa Rica | 14.65 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 75.6% | volatile |
| 67 | Angola | 13.70 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 45.9% | volatile |
| 68 | Austria | 13.01 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 0.1% | falling |
| 69 | Azerbaijan | 12.45 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 18.8% | volatile |
| 70 | Slovakia | 12.17 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 365.9% | volatile |
| 71 | Pakistan | 11.90 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 5.1% | volatile |
| 72 | Ireland | 11.89 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 669.5% | volatile |
| 73 | Kenya | 10.66 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 38.4% | volatile |
| 74 | Lebanon | 9.82 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 75.5% | volatile |
| 75 | Paraguay | 9.26 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 41.0% | volatile |
| 76 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 8.99 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 115.1% | volatile |
| 77 | Honduras | 8.32 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 137.9% | volatile |
| 78 | Afghanistan | 8.27 billion excluding gold | 2021 | up 81.9% | volatile |
| 79 | Myanmar | 7.71 billion excluding gold | 2021 | up 34.3% | volatile |
| 80 | Tunisia | 7.64 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 0.1% | volatile |
| 81 | Mauritius | 7.54 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 114.4% | volatile |
| 82 | Portugal | 7.30 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 11.1% | volatile |
| 83 | Albania | 7.04 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 179.5% | volatile |
| 84 | Nicaragua | 6.60 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 183.1% | volatile |
| 85 | Sri Lanka | 6.47 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 8.4% | volatile |
| 86 | Iceland | 6.36 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 49.9% | volatile |
| 87 | Jamaica | 5.83 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 116.6% | volatile |
| 88 | Lithuania | 5.57 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 518.7% | volatile |
| 89 | Ghana | 5.56 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 20.4% | volatile |
| 90 | Greece | 5.53 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 149.8% | volatile |
| 91 | Moldova | 5.43 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 210.6% | volatile |
| 92 | Tanzania | 5.39 billion excluding gold | 2018 | up 96.5% | volatile |
| 93 | Panama | 5.17 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 8.4% | volatile |
| 94 | Ecuador | 5.10 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 59.0% | volatile |
| 95 | Trinidad and Tobago | 5.08 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 53.5% | volatile |
| 96 | Democratic Republic of Congo | 4.96 billion excluding gold | 2024 | up 176.9% | volatile |
| 97 | Belarus | 4.67 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 63.3% | volatile |
| 98 | Latvia | 4.66 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 55.1% | volatile |
| 99 | Cameroon | 4.52 billion excluding gold | 2024 | up 30.9% | volatile |
| 100 | North Macedonia | 4.48 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 95.0% | volatile |
| 101 | Brunei | 4.41 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 26.9% | volatile |
| 102 | Mongolia | 4.29 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 242.3% | volatile |
| 103 | Zambia | 4.21 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 58.0% | volatile |
| 104 | El Salvador | 3.97 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 52.4% | volatile |
| 105 | Armenia | 3.93 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 163.2% | volatile |
| 106 | Uganda | 3.77 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 30.6% | volatile |
| 107 | Tajikistan | 3.71 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 2,623.7% | volatile |
| 108 | Croatia | 3.71 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 75.8% | volatile |
| 109 | Georgia | 3.59 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 46.5% | volatile |
| 110 | Bahrain | 3.57 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 32.6% | volatile |
| 111 | Venezuela | 3.51 billion excluding gold | 2018 | down 82.7% | volatile |
| 112 | Botswana | 3.37 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 60.6% | rising |
| 113 | Mozambique | 3.34 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 29.9% | volatile |
| 114 | Namibia | 3.24 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 218.4% | volatile |
| 115 | Papua New Guinea | 3.10 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 47.4% | volatile |
| 116 | Madagascar | 2.96 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 296.0% | volatile |
| 117 | Bahamas | 2.81 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 208.4% | volatile |
| 118 | Haiti | 2.74 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 48.6% | volatile |
| 119 | Slovenia | 2.69 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 217.5% | volatile |
| 120 | Luxembourg | 2.67 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 277.8% | volatile |
| 121 | Laos | 2.59 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 154.8% | volatile |
| 122 | Estonia | 2.16 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 392.9% | volatile |
| 123 | Rwanda | 2.14 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 139.1% | volatile |
| 124 | Yemen | 2.11 billion excluding gold | 2023 | down 64.1% | volatile |
| 125 | Mauritania | 2.02 billion excluding gold | 2022 | up 296.6% | volatile |
| 126 | Aruba | 1.77 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 209.1% | volatile |
| 127 | Barbados | 1.74 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 160.1% | volatile |
| 128 | Kyrgyzstan | 1.73 billion excluding gold | 2024 | down 12.1% | volatile |
| 129 | Fiji | 1.54 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 80.9% | volatile |
| 130 | Ethiopia | 1.51 billion excluding gold | 2024 | down 30.4% | volatile |
| 131 | Suriname | 1.50 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 238.3% | volatile |
| 132 | Malta | 1.45 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 158.6% | falling |
| 133 | Montenegro | 1.35 billion excluding gold | 2025 | up 33.0% | volatile |
| 134 | Gabon | 1.30 billion excluding gold | 2024 | down 56.0% | volatile |
| 135 | Equatorial Guinea | 1.16 billion excluding gold | 2024 | down 69.2% | volatile |
| 136 | Lesotho | 1.01 billion excluding gold | 2025 | down 7.5% | rising |
| 137 | Chad | 982.72 million excluding gold | 2024 | up 10.8% | volatile |
| 138 | Bhutan | 927.62 million excluding gold | 2025 | down 13.4% | volatile |
| 139 | Cyprus | 926.14 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 183.0% | volatile |
| 140 | Guinea | 921.68 million excluding gold | 2025 | down 2.8% | volatile |
| 141 | Netherlands Antilles | 871.00 million excluding gold | 2010 | up 257.6% | volatile |
| 142 | Cape Verde | 830.16 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 77.4% | volatile |
| 143 | Congo | 822.33 million excluding gold | 2024 | down 85.1% | volatile |
| 144 | Maldives | 791.00 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 22.7% | volatile |
| 145 | Guyana | 786.91 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 27.2% | volatile |
| 146 | East Timor | 742.49 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 215.6% | volatile |
| 147 | Seychelles | 737.51 million excluding gold | 2024 | up 61.1% | volatile |
| 148 | Solomon Islands | 697.38 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 43.5% | volatile |
| 149 | Vanuatu | 644.73 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 243.0% | volatile |
| 150 | San Marino | 622.93 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 69.6% | volatile |
| 151 | Gambia | 580.03 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 340.6% | volatile |
| 152 | Belize | 541.46 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 9.5% | volatile |
| 153 | Samoa | 523.46 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 434.7% | volatile |
| 154 | Eswatini | 497.53 million excluding gold | 2025 | down 26.0% | rising |
| 155 | Saint Lucia | 480.97 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 46.1% | volatile |
| 156 | Micronesia (country) | 456.88 million excluding gold | 2021 | up 716.8% | volatile |
| 157 | Malawi | 424.65 million excluding gold | 2021 | up 113.6% | volatile |
| 158 | Sierra Leone | 419.84 million excluding gold | 2025 | down 32.8% | volatile |
| 159 | Central African Republic | 414.63 million excluding gold | 2024 | up 99.6% | rising |
| 160 | Grenada | 404.68 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 139.5% | volatile |
| 161 | Liberia | 363.12 million excluding gold | 2025 | down 22.0% | volatile |
| 162 | Tonga | 361.33 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 153.6% | volatile |
| 163 | Antigua and Barbuda | 350.60 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 26.2% | volatile |
| 164 | Zimbabwe | 327.66 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 19.5% | volatile |
| 165 | Comoros | 319.85 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 119.8% | volatile |
| 166 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 276.99 million excluding gold | 2025 | down 14.9% | volatile |
| 167 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 275.42 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 84.5% | volatile |
| 168 | Sudan | 169.81 million excluding gold | 2017 | down 85.0% | volatile |
| 169 | Eritrea | 162.77 million excluding gold | 2019 | up 88.7% | volatile |
| 170 | Burundi | 140.11 million excluding gold | 2024 | down 55.4% | volatile |
| 171 | Dominica | 138.44 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 29.0% | volatile |
| 172 | Bolivia | 107.85 million excluding gold | 2025 | down 99.2% | volatile |
| 173 | South Sudan | 76.31 million excluding gold | 2025 | down 66.4% | volatile |
| 174 | Sao Tome and Principe | 75.86 million excluding gold | 2025 | up 9.9% | volatile |
About this data
The data on international reserve assets refer to entries published in the world tables of the IMF’s International Financial Statistics (IFS).