Italy vs Spain: R&D personnel by sector of performance and region — R&D Personnel
R&D personnel by sector of performance and region — R&D Personnel over time
- Italy
- Spain
How they compare
Italy currently reports 518,829 Persons against 431,848 Persons in Spain, a difference of 86,981 Persons.
That makes Italy's figure about 1.2 times Spain's.
The two have swapped places 4 times across 32 shared years of data; in 1988 it was Italy ahead.
Italy ranks 3rd and Spain ranks 4th of 17 countries.
Italy has averaged higher in every one of the 5 decades both report.
Head to head by decade
| Decade | Italy | Spain | Difference | Ahead |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 173,326 Persons | 93,808 Persons | 79,518 Persons | Italy |
| 1990s | 186,057 Persons | 132,194 Persons | 53,863 Persons | Italy |
| 2000s | 291,147 Persons | 288,249 Persons | 2,898 Persons | Italy |
| 2010s | 418,140 Persons | 350,452 Persons | 67,688 Persons | Italy |
| 2020s | 510,900 Persons | 407,114 Persons | 103,787 Persons | Italy |
Averages of every year both report within each decade.
Frequently asked questions
- Which has higher r&d personnel by sector of performance and region — r&d personnel, Italy or Spain?
- Italy, at 518,829 Persons against 431,848 Persons in Spain as of 2023.
- What is the difference in r&d personnel by sector of performance and region — r&d personnel between Italy and Spain?
- 86,981 Persons, with Italy ahead.
- How many years of comparable data are there for Italy and Spain?
- 32 years are reported by both, from 1988 to 2023.
- How do Italy and Spain rank globally for r&d personnel by sector of performance and region — r&d personnel?
- Italy ranks 3rd and Spain ranks 4th of 17 countries.
- Where does this data come from?
- Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D personnel by sector of performance and region — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.
Individual pages
About this data
This table contains research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in both headcounts and full-time equivalent on R&D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by large regions (territorial level 2 or TL2). Definition of regions: Regions are subnational units below national boundaries. OECD countries have two regional levels: large regions (territorial level 2 or TL2) and small regions (territorial level 3 or TL3). TL2 regions are used in this dataset. See the OECD Territorial Correspondence Table (xls) and the OECD Territorial grid (pdf).