How many years of comparable data are there for Spain and Türkiye?

30 years are reported by both, from 1991 to 2023.

Where does this data come from?

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D personnel by sector of performance and function — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

Spain vs Türkiye: R&D personnel by sector of performance and function — R&D Personnel

Spain

431,848 Persons

in 2023

Türkiye

418,603 Persons

in 2024

Spain rank

6th

Türkiye rank

4th

R&D personnel by sector of performance and function — R&D Personnel over time

Spain
Türkiye

How they compare

Spain currently reports 431,848 Persons against 418,603 Persons in Türkiye, a difference of 13,245 Persons.

Across all 30 years both countries report, Spain has been ahead every year.

Spain ranks 6th and Türkiye ranks 4th of 30 countries.

Spain has averaged higher in every one of the 4 decades both report.

Head to head by decade

Decade	Spain	Türkiye	Difference	Ahead
1990s	138,847 Persons	50,037 Persons	88,810 Persons	Spain
2000s	288,249 Persons	100,910 Persons	187,340 Persons	Spain
2010s	350,452 Persons	218,682 Persons	131,770 Persons	Spain
2020s	407,114 Persons	359,807 Persons	47,307 Persons	Spain

Averages of every year both report within each decade.

Frequently asked questions

Which has higher r&d personnel by sector of performance and function — r&d personnel, Spain or Türkiye?: Spain, at 431,848 Persons against 418,603 Persons in Türkiye as of 2023.
What is the difference in r&d personnel by sector of performance and function — r&d personnel between Spain and Türkiye?: 13,245 Persons, with Spain ahead.
How many years of comparable data are there for Spain and Türkiye?: 30 years are reported by both, from 1991 to 2023.
How do Spain and Türkiye rank globally for r&d personnel by sector of performance and function — r&d personnel?: Spain ranks 6th and Türkiye ranks 4th of 30 countries.
Where does this data come from?: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D personnel by sector of performance and function — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

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Spain vs Türkiye: R&D personnel by sector of performance and function — R&D Personnel. Statizoid, drawing on Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved 10 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/compare/r-and-d-personnel-by-sector-of-performance-and-function-r-and-d-personnel-total-economy/spain/turkiye-2/

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About this data

Indicator: R&D personnel by sector of performance and function — R&D Personnel (total economy)
Unit: Persons
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Licence: OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)
Coverage: 42 places, 1,049 data points, 1981–2024
Last refreshed: 21 August 2026

This table contains research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in both headcounts and full-time equivalent on R&D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by function (researchers, technicians and other support staff).