How many years of comparable data are there for Italy and Poland?

24 years are reported by both, from 1994 to 2022.

Where does this data come from?

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

Italy vs Poland: R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D

Italy

518,829 Persons

in 2023

Poland

321,391 Persons

in 2022

Italy rank

3rd

Poland rank

3rd

R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D over time

Italy
Poland

How they compare

Italy currently reports 518,829 Persons against 321,391 Persons in Poland, a difference of 197,438 Persons.

That makes Italy's figure about 1.6 times Poland's.

Across all 24 years both countries report, Italy has been ahead every year.

Italy ranks 3rd and Poland ranks 3rd of 25 countries.

Italy has averaged higher in every one of the 4 decades both report.

Head to head by decade

Decade	Italy	Poland	Difference	Ahead
1990s	197,990 Persons	124,054 Persons	73,936 Persons	Italy
2000s	302,192 Persons	122,161 Persons	180,031 Persons	Italy
2010s	418,140 Persons	180,923 Persons	237,217 Persons	Italy
2020s	508,258 Persons	303,462 Persons	204,796 Persons	Italy

Averages of every year both report within each decade.

Frequently asked questions

Which has higher r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d, Italy or Poland?: Italy, at 518,829 Persons against 321,391 Persons in Poland as of 2023.
What is the difference in r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d between Italy and Poland?: 197,438 Persons, with Italy ahead.
How many years of comparable data are there for Italy and Poland?: 24 years are reported by both, from 1994 to 2022.
How do Italy and Poland rank globally for r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d?: Italy ranks 3rd and Poland ranks 3rd of 25 countries.
Where does this data come from?: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

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Italy vs Poland: R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D. Statizoid, drawing on Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved 13 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/compare/r-and-d-personnel-by-sector-of-performance-and-formal-qualification-r-and-d-personnel/italy/poland-2/

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About this data

Indicator: R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D Personnel (total economy)
Unit: Persons
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Licence: OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)
Coverage: 34 places, 789 data points, 1981–2024
Last refreshed: 21 August 2026

This table presents research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in headcounts;D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by formal qualification (university and other diplomas by ISCED classification).