How many years of comparable data are there for Croatia and Italy?

11 years are reported by both, from 2013 to 2023.

Where does this data come from?

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

Croatia vs Italy: R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D

Croatia

28,059 Persons

in 2023

Italy

518,829 Persons

in 2023

Croatia rank

5th

Italy rank

3rd

R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D over time

Croatia
Italy

How they compare

Italy currently reports 518,829 Persons against 28,059 Persons in Croatia, a difference of 490,770 Persons.

That makes Italy's figure about 18.5 times Croatia's.

Across all 11 years both countries report, Italy has been ahead every year.

Croatia ranks 5th and Italy ranks 3rd of 9 countries.

Italy has averaged higher in every one of the 2 decades both report.

Head to head by decade

Decade	Croatia	Italy	Difference	Ahead
2010s	19,176 Persons	445,981 Persons	426,804 Persons	Italy
2020s	27,232 Persons	510,900 Persons	483,668 Persons	Italy

Averages of every year both report within each decade.

Frequently asked questions

Which has higher r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d, Croatia or Italy?: Italy, at 518,829 Persons against 28,059 Persons in Croatia as of 2023.
What is the difference in r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d between Croatia and Italy?: 490,770 Persons, with Italy ahead.
How many years of comparable data are there for Croatia and Italy?: 11 years are reported by both, from 2013 to 2023.
How do Croatia and Italy rank globally for r&d personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — r&d?: Croatia ranks 5th and Italy ranks 3rd of 9 countries.
Where does this data come from?: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, published as R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D Personnel (total economy). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

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Croatia vs Italy: R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D. Statizoid, drawing on Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Retrieved 13 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/compare/r-and-d-personnel-by-sector-of-performance-and-formal-qualification-r-and-d-personnel/croatia-2/italy/

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About this data

Indicator: R&D personnel by sector of performance and formal qualification — R&D Personnel (total economy)
Unit: Persons
Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Licence: OECD Terms and Conditions (attribution required)
Coverage: 34 places, 789 data points, 1981–2024
Last refreshed: 21 August 2026

This table presents research and development (R&D) personnel statistics. Number of R&D personnel is provided in headcounts;D by sex, sector of employment (business enterprise, government, higher education, and private non-profit) and by formal qualification (university and other diplomas by ISCED classification).