How many years of comparable data are there for Bulgaria and Italy?

6 years are reported by both, from 1999 to 2018.

Where does this data come from?

UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as Out-of-school rate for adolescents of lower secondary school age, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

Bulgaria vs Italy: Out-of-school rate for adolescents of lower secondary school age

Bulgaria

1.07 GPIA

in 2018

Italy

1.06 GPIA

in 2018

Bulgaria rank

52nd

Italy rank

53rd

Out-of-school rate for adolescents of lower secondary school age over time

Bulgaria
Italy

How they compare

Bulgaria currently reports 1.07 GPIA against 1.06 GPIA in Italy, a difference of 0.01 GPIA.

The two have swapped places 1 time across 6 shared years of data; in 1999 it was Italy ahead.

Bulgaria ranks 52nd and Italy ranks 53rd of 133 countries.

Across the 3 decades both report, Bulgaria averaged higher in 1 and Italy in 2.

Head to head by decade

Decade	Bulgaria	Italy	Difference	Ahead
1990s	1.25 GPIA	1.73 GPIA	0.4827 GPIA	Italy
2000s	1.38 GPIA	1.55 GPIA	0.1655 GPIA	Italy
2010s	1.15 GPIA	0.6353 GPIA	0.5192 GPIA	Bulgaria

Averages of every year both report within each decade.

Frequently asked questions

Which has higher out-of-school rate for adolescents of lower secondary school age, Bulgaria or Italy?: Bulgaria, at 1.07 GPIA against 1.06 GPIA in Italy as of 2018.
What is the difference in out-of-school rate for adolescents of lower secondary school age between Bulgaria and Italy?: 0.01 GPIA, with Bulgaria ahead.
How many years of comparable data are there for Bulgaria and Italy?: 6 years are reported by both, from 1999 to 2018.
How do Bulgaria and Italy rank globally for out-of-school rate for adolescents of lower secondary school age?: Bulgaria ranks 52nd and Italy ranks 53rd of 133 countries.
Where does this data come from?: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as Out-of-school rate for adolescents of lower secondary school age, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA). Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

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Bulgaria vs Italy: Out-of-school rate for adolescents of lower secondary school age. Statizoid, drawing on UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 12 September 2026, from https://reference.statizoid.com/compare/out-of-school-rate-for-adolescents-of-lower-secondary-school-age-adjusted-gender-parity/bulgaria/italy/

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<a href="https://reference.statizoid.com/compare/out-of-school-rate-for-adolescents-of-lower-secondary-school-age-adjusted-gender-parity/bulgaria/italy/">Bulgaria vs Italy: Out-of-school rate for adolescents of lower secondary school age</a> — Statizoid

About this data

Indicator: Out-of-school rate for adolescents of lower secondary school age, adjusted gender parity index (GPIA)
Unit: GPIA
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (World Bank Open Data)
Coverage: 176 places, 2,962 data points, 1970–2019
Last refreshed: 04 September 2026

The Adjusted Gender Parity Index (GPIA) is calculated by dividing the female value for the indicator by the male value for the indicator. If the resulting value exceeds 1, the ratio is inverted and subtracted from 2. The adjusted gender parity index is symmetrical around 1 and lies in the range 0-2. An adjusted GPI equal to 1 indicates parity between females and males. In general, a value less than 1 indicates disparity in favor of males and a value greater than 1 indicates disparity in favor of females. For more information, consult the UNESCO Institute for Statistics: http://uis.unesco.org/