China vs India: Number of children under 5

China

58.04 million people

in 2023

India

114.67 million people

in 2023

China rank

2nd

India rank

1st

Number of children under 5 over time

India currently reports 114.67 million people against 58.04 million people in China, a difference of 56.62 million people.

That makes India's figure about 2.0 times China's.

The two have swapped places 3 times across 74 shared years of data; in 1950 it was China ahead.

China ranks 2nd and India ranks 1st of 236 countries.

Indicator: Number of children under 5
Unit: people
Source: UN, World Population Prospects (2024) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage: 236 places, 17,464 data points, 1950–2023
Last refreshed: 07 August 2026

The total population, measured on 1 July of the year shown. This only includes people aged 0-4.